Obstructive Sleep Apnea after COVID-19: An Observational Study

George-Cosmin Popovici1,2, Costinela-Valerica Georgescu3,4, Mihaela-Camelia Vasile1,5

  • 1School for Doctoral Studies in Biomedical Sciences, "Dunarea de Jos" University from Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania.

PubMed

Insights

Hospitalized COVID-19 patients frequently develop severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Risk factors include male gender, age over 60, obesity, and cardiovascular issues, necessitating further sleep disorder management strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Risk factors for severe COVID-19 and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) share commonalities.
  • Post-COVID-19 complications, including sleep disorders, require further investigation.
  • Understanding the link between COVID-19 hospitalization and OSA is crucial for patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adult patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in southeastern Romania.
  • To identify associated factors contributing to the development of OSA post-COVID-19 hospitalization.
  • To inform clinical practice and future research directions for managing sleep disorders in post-COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • A follow-up study involving adult patients hospitalized for COVID-19 between 2021-2022.
  • Assessment of OSA using the Epworth and STOP-BANG questionnaires, alongside nocturnal polygraphy monitoring.
  • Evaluation conducted 12 weeks post-hospitalization for COVID-19.

Main Results:

  • Out of 331 patients, 257 were evaluated for sleep apnea.
  • A high prevalence of severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was observed at 57.97%.
  • Significant associations identified include male gender, age >60, obesity, and cardiovascular comorbidities.

Conclusions:

  • Severe OSA is highly prevalent in patients hospitalized for COVID-19.
  • Male gender, older age, obesity, and cardiovascular comorbidities are key associated factors.
  • Recommendations include non-invasive ventilatory therapy (NIV) and lifestyle modifications; further strategies for diagnosis and monitoring are needed.

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