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Related Concept Videos

Temperature Dependent Deformation01:12

Temperature Dependent Deformation

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In a nonhomogeneous rod made up of steel and brass, restrained at both ends and subjected to a temperature change, several steps are involved in calculating the stress and compressive load. Due to the problem's static indeterminacy, one end support is disconnected, allowing the rod to experience the temperature change freely. Next, an unknown force is applied at the free end, triggering deformations in the rod's steel and brass portions. These deformations are then calculated and added...
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Recrystallization is a purification technique used to separate impurities from solid compounds. In this technique, no chemical reactions occur. Instead, it exploits physical properties only, specifically, the solubility differences between the desired compound and impurities, either at a single temperature or at different temperatures, and under other selected conditions. The solid-solution equilibrium (solubility equilibrium) of each component in the solution represents a binary phase...
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Thermal strain is a concept that arises when we consider how temperature changes affect structures. Unlike the conventional assumption that structures remain constant under load, real-world scenarios often involve temperature fluctuations that can significantly impact these structures. Consider a homogeneous rod with a uniform cross-section resting freely on a flat horizontal surface. If the rod's temperature increases, the rod elongates. This elongation is proportional to the temperature...
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Residual stresses reside in a structure even after removing the original stress inducer. This phenomenon often arises from varied plastic deformations across different parts of a structure. Consider a rod stretched beyond its yield point. It will not regain its original length due to permanent deformation. Even after load removal, the rod does not entirely lose stress because of uneven plastic deformations, resulting in residual stresses. The computation of these stresses in structures is...
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Statically Indeterminate Problem Solving01:16

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Statically indeterminate problems are those where statics alone can not determine the internal forces or reactions. Consider a structure comprising two cylindrical rods made of steel and brass. These rods are joined at point B and restrained by rigid supports at points A and C. Now, the reactions at points A and C and the deflection at point B are to be determined. This rod structure is classified as statically indeterminate as the structure has more supports than are necessary for maintaining...
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In designing structural elements and machine parts using ductile materials, it is crucial to ensure that these components withstand applied stresses without yielding. Yielding is initially determined through a tensile test, which evaluates the material's response to uniaxial stress. However, tensile stress is insufficient when components face biaxial or plane stress conditions This condition requires advanced criteria to predict failure.
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An Internal-State-Variable-Based Continuous Dynamic Recrystallization Model for Thermally Deformed TC18 Alloy.

Gui-Cheng Wu1,2, Yong-Cheng Lin1,2, Miao Wan1,2

  • 1School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) in TC18 alloy was studied under hot forming. An internal state variable model accurately predicted flow stress and microstructure evolution, showing a transition to a finer substructure at higher strain rates.

Keywords:
TC18 alloycontinuous dynamic recrystallizationinternal state variablesmicrostructurethermomechanical processing

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Metallurgy
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) significantly impacts alloy microstructure during hot forming.
  • TC18 alloy, with moderate to high stacking fault energy, exhibits complex microstructural evolution under deformation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the flow stress and CDRX behavior of TC18 alloy during hot deformation.
  • To develop and validate an internal state variable (ISV)-based CDRX model.

Main Methods:

  • Hot deformation experiments on TC18 alloy.
  • Microstructural analysis focusing on grain boundary evolution (LAGBs to HAGBs).
  • Development of an ISV-based CDRX model incorporating dislocation density, temperature, and misorientation.

Main Results:

  • Deformation induced new low-angle grain boundaries (LAGBs) that transitioned to high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs).
  • The ISV-based model showed high accuracy (R=0.989, RAAE=6.69%, RMSE=4.78 MPa) in predicting true stress.
  • Model accurately predicted decreased grain size with higher strain rates and lower temperatures, indicating a shift to a continuously recrystallized substructure.

Conclusions:

  • The developed ISV-based model effectively captures CDRX phenomena in TC18 alloy.
  • Microstructure transitions from coarse-grained to a finer, continuously recrystallized substructure under specific processing conditions.
  • The model provides a quantitative tool for predicting microstructure evolution during hot forming.