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Antimicrobial Activity of Olive Leaf Extract to Oral Candida Isolates
Maja Kinkela Devčić1, Igor Pasković2, Zoran Kovač3
1Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Rijeka, Kresimirova 40/42, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia.
Objectives:
The aim of this study was to determine the antifungal activity of olive leaf extract (OLE) and the synergistic effect of standard antifungal therapy and OLE against clinical oral Candida species' isolates.
Materials And Method:
The susceptibility of 60 clinical isolates of the Candida species (36 C. albicans, 16 C. krusei, 5 C. glabrata and 3 C. tropicalis) was tested with four concentrations of OLE (60 µg/µL, 120 µg/µL, 240 µg/µL and 333 µg/µL) and the synergistic effect of standard antifungal therapy and OLE (miconazole (MIC) + 333 µg/µL OLE and nystatin (NYS) + 333 µg/µL OLE). The antimicrobial activity was tested using the disk diffusion method.
Results:
All concentrations (60 µg/µL, 120 µg/µL, 240 µg/µL and 333 µg/µL) of OLE showed a statistically significant effect on all Candida species compared to the control (DMSO) except for the lowest concentration (60 µg/µL) tested on C. glabrata. There was a dose-dependent effect of OLE on tested samples. Concentrations of 240 µg/µL and 333 µg/µL showed statistically significant higher antifungal activity compared to the lowest concentration of 60 µg/µL. No statistically significant synergistic effect of OLE and standard antifungal therapy was found compared with standard therapy alone.
Conclusions:
The results of this study present the significant antimicrobial effect of OLE against all tested Candida species except for the lowest concentration on C. glabrata. Increasing the concentration of OLE also increases its effect on Candida species. This indicates the possible potential effect of OLE in the treatment of Candida-related oral diseases.
Insights
Olive leaf extract (OLE) demonstrated significant antifungal activity against oral Candida species in a dose-dependent manner. However, OLE did not show a synergistic effect when combined with standard antifungal therapies.
Area of Science:
- Mycology
- Pharmacology
- Natural Products
Background:
- Oral candidiasis is a common fungal infection often caused by *Candida* species.
- Standard antifungal therapies can be limited by resistance and side effects.
- Natural compounds like olive leaf extract (OLE) are being investigated for their antimicrobial properties.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the antifungal activity of OLE against clinical oral *Candida* isolates.
- To determine if OLE enhances the efficacy of standard antifungal drugs (miconazole and nystatin).
Main Methods:
- Sixty clinical isolates of *Candida* species (*C. albicans*, *C. krusei*, *C. glabrata*, *C. tropicalis*) were tested.
- Antifungal susceptibility to four OLE concentrations and combinations with miconazole/nystatin was assessed using the disk diffusion method.
Main Results:
- OLE exhibited statistically significant antifungal activity against most *Candida* species, except at the lowest concentration against *C. glabrata*.
- A dose-dependent relationship was observed, with higher OLE concentrations showing greater efficacy.
- No significant synergistic antifungal effect was found between OLE and standard antifungal therapies.
Conclusions:
- OLE possesses significant antimicrobial properties against oral *Candida* species, with efficacy increasing with concentration.
- OLE shows potential for managing *Candida*-related oral infections.
- Combination therapy with OLE and standard antifungals did not yield synergistic benefits in this study.
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