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Polarization-Insensitive Lithium Niobate-on-Insulator Interferometer.

Jiali Liao1,2, Linke Liu1, Yanling Sun1

  • 1School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China.

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|August 29, 2024
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This study presents a polarization-independent electro-optic interferometer on a lithium niobate platform. It achieves high visibility for both TE and TM polarizations, enabling versatile optical studies.

Keywords:
electro-optic modulationlithium niobatemode converterpolarization independent

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Optical Engineering
  • Integrated Optics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Electro-optic (EO) interferometers are crucial for optical sensing and communication.
  • Achieving polarization independence in EO interferometers is a significant challenge.
  • Lithium niobate (LN) on insulator platforms offer advantages for integrated photonic devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and demonstrate a polarization-independent EO interferometer.
  • To achieve high extinction ratios and visibility for both TE and TM polarizations.
  • To enable the study of light with different polarizations using a single device.

Main Methods:

  • Design of key EO interferometer components (beam splitter, mode converter, directional coupler) on a lithium niobate platform.
  • Utilizing a multimode interference (MMI) coupler with an elaborated geometric structure for precise beam splitting and higher-order mode coupling.
  • Employing a mode converter to transform TM polarization into TE polarization, ensuring polarization insensitivity.

Main Results:

  • The designed MMI coupler achieved equal proportion beam splitting and directional coupling of higher-order modes.
  • The interferometer demonstrated polarization insensitivity by converting TM to TE polarization.
  • High visibility was achieved: 97.59% for TE and 98.16% for TM polarization at 1550 nm.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed lithium niobate polarization-independent EO interferometer exhibits high performance.
  • The device effectively overcomes the challenge of polarization sensitivity in EO interferometry.
  • This integrated photonic device offers a versatile platform for various optical applications requiring polarization control.