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Role of Vitamin D in Oral Lichen Planus: A Case Control Study
María García-Pola1, Lucía Rodríguez-Fonseca1
1Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Sciences of the Health, Oviedo University, 33006 Oviedo, Spain.
Background:
It has been reported that vitamin D deficiency may be associated with the development of oral lichen planus (OLP). Given the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in many countries, we sought to determine whether it constitutes a comorbidity of OLP.
Methods:
One hundred and twenty patients clinically and histologically diagnosed with OLP were evaluated for their serum vitamin D levels. The results were compared to results from a control series of the same number of subjects matched for age and sex.
Results:
Vitamin D deficiency was diagnosed in 45% (n = 54) of OLP patients and in 26.7% (n = 32) of the control group. Vitamin D supplements were being taken by 32 (26.7%) OLP patients and 15 (12.5%) subjects in the control group. A multivariate logistic regression model showed that OLP was associated with vitamin D deficiency [OR: 2.24 (1.28-3.98, p = 0.005)] and vitamin D supplementation [OR: 2.51 (1.25-5.22, p = 0.011)], even after controlling for confounding variables such as sex, age ≤60>, tobacco, and alcohol.
Conclusion:
The association between OLP patients and vitamin D deficiency or vitamin D supplementation suggests that further research might explore the benefits of vitamin D supplements in managing OLP patients.
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