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Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis (THE): A Short Overview.

Laura Musa1,2, Maria Cristina Rapi1,2, Maria Pia Franciosini3

  • 1Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, 26900 Lodi, Italy.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis (THE), caused by a Siadenovirus, leads to high mortality and secondary bacterial infections in turkeys. This review covers THE

Keywords:
THE vaccinationavirulent strainsbiosecurityimmunodepressionsecondary infectionturkey hemorrhagic enteritis virus

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Virology
  • Avian Pathology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis (THE) is an acute disease impacting turkeys, caused by a Siadenovirus.
  • It is characterized by severe depression, bloody droppings, and significant mortality rates.
  • THE's immunosuppressive effects increase susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections like necrotic enteritis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis (THE).
  • To cover the etiology, epidemiology, clinical signs, and gross lesions of THE.
  • To discuss prevention and management strategies for THE.

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article, synthesizing existing knowledge on THE.
  • Information was gathered from scientific literature on Siadenovirus infections in turkeys.
  • The review focuses on the pathology, immunology, and economic impact of THE.

Main Results:

  • Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis Virus (THEV) primarily targets macrophages and B lymphocytes.
  • The spleen is the main site of viral replication, with infection noted in other tissues.
  • Mortality can reach 60%, and subclinical disease causes poor performance in vaccinated birds.

Conclusions:

  • THE poses significant economic challenges to the turkey industry due to mortality and performance losses.
  • Understanding THE's pathogenesis and target cells is crucial for developing effective control measures.
  • Comprehensive management strategies are needed to mitigate the impact of THE in poultry flocks.