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Two-Dimensional Plasma Soft X-ray Radiation Imaging System: Optimization of Amplification Stage Based on Gas Electron
Karol Malinowski1, Maryna Chernyshova1, Sławomir Jabłoński1
1Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, Hery 23, 01-497 Warsaw, Poland.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 29, 2024
Summary
This research develops advanced plasma imaging for tokamaks, enabling 3D tomography and impurity tracking. Optimized Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detector configurations improve spatial resolution for studying plasma dynamics and preventing collapses.
Area of Science:
- Plasma physics and fusion energy research.
- Development of advanced diagnostic techniques for magnetically confined plasmas.
Background:
- Tokamak plasmas require detailed understanding of impurity transport and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) for ITER-relevant approaches.
- Conventional tomography offers limited 3D insights, hindering the study of phenomena like azimuthal asymmetry and impurity-MHD interactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop plasma soft X-ray (SXR) radiation imaging with spectral information for 3D tomography.
- To enhance the study of tungsten transport, impurity behavior, and MHD interactions in tokamak plasmas.
- To create improved experimental tools for understanding runaway electrons and magnetic reconnection.
Main Methods:
- Utilized Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) detectors for 2D imaging in a toroidal view, combined with poloidal tomography for 3D reconstruction.
- Conducted numerical analysis using Degrad and Garfield++ software to optimize GEM foil geometry.
- Investigated the impact of hole shape and spacing on detector parameters like avalanche size and electron gain.
Main Results:
- Identified two optimal geometrical configurations for the three-foil GEM system.
- Configuration 1: Cylindrical holes (70 μm diameter) with 120 μm spacing.
- Configuration 2: Biconical holes (70/50/70 μm diameters) with 120 μm spacing.
- Achieved potential spatial resolution down to approximately 100 µm for the detector.
Conclusions:
- The developed SXR imaging with spectral information and 3D tomography offers significant advancements for plasma research.
- Optimized GEM detector configurations provide enhanced spatial resolution crucial for detailed plasma diagnostics.
- This technology will improve the understanding of plasma physics and aid in real-time plasma control, preventing radiative collapses.
