Epidemiology of High-Energy Distal Radius Fractures

Background: High-energy distal radius fractures have not been as well studied as the more common osteoporotic fractures. Differences between these two groups of fractures have implications on the prevention and clinical management of such injuries. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted of all patients in our institution who presented with distal radius fractures within the period of a year. Demographic data, injury mechanism, fracture classification, associated injuries and work-related status were obtained and analysed. Results: High energy fractures made up 27.1% of the cases. Falls from height were the most common cause, followed by motor vehicle accidents. These high-energy fractures were more commonly seen in males, younger patients (average age 41 vs. 61 years), and in workplace accidents. These injuries were also more likely to be bilateral and associated with an additional ipsilateral upper extremity injury. The high-energy group was also more likely to have an AO type B fracture. Conclusions: A substantial proportion of distal radius fractures seen in our population are high-energy injuries. Their contrasting patient and injury profiles suggest that they should be considered separately from osteoporotic fractures. Level of Evidence: Level IV (Therapeutic).