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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

In Vitro Thrombosis Test for Ventricular Assist Devices

In Vitro Thrombosis Test for Ventricular Assist Devices

Published on: March 21, 2025

Characterizing thrombus adhesion strength on common cardiovascular device materials.

Vikas Kannojiya¹, Sara E Almasy¹, Jose L Monclova¹

¹Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States.

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology

|August 29, 2024

Summary

Blood clots adhere most strongly to titanium medical devices, increasing with incubation time. Understanding clot adhesion is crucial for preventing dangerous embolization in cardiovascular devices.

Keywords:

adhesion blood clot cardiovascular medical devices embolization nitinol polymers stress titanium

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Characterization of Leukocyte-platelet Rich Fibrin, A Novel Biomaterial

Characterization of Leukocyte-platelet Rich Fibrin, A Novel Biomaterial

Published on: September 29, 2015

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Medical Device Engineering
Cardiovascular Research

Background:

Thrombosis and embolization are significant risks associated with blood-contacting medical devices.
Clot embolization from cardiovascular devices can lead to severe complications like stroke and myocardial infarction.
A deeper understanding of clot adhesion is needed for improved device design and intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the adhesive characteristics of blood clots on common biocompatible materials used in cardiovascular devices.
To quantify the clot adhesion strength on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyurethane (PU), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), nitinol, and titanium.
To determine the effect of incubation time on blood clot adhesion to these materials.

Main Methods:

Characterization of blood clot adhesion strength on PTFE, PU, PEEK, nitinol, and titanium.
Evaluation of adhesion strength after varying incubation times (30 minutes to 3 hours).
Confocal fluorescence imaging to analyze the structure of residual clot material.

Main Results:

Titanium exhibited the strongest clot adhesion, with detachment stresses of 1.06 ± 0.20 kPa after 3 hours of incubation.
Clot adhesion strength on titanium was significantly higher than on PEEK, PTFE, PU, and nitinol.
Adhesion strength increased with incubation time for all tested materials, with polymers showing greater percentage increases than metals.
Confocal imaging revealed a robust platelet-fibrin network in residual clot regions, indicating strong adhesion.

Conclusions:

Material choice significantly impacts blood clot adhesion, with titanium showing the highest adhesion.
Increased incubation time enhances clot adhesion to all tested materials.
The findings provide critical data for designing safer cardiovascular devices with reduced thrombosis and embolization risks.