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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
328
Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction01:17

Chronic Bowel Disorders: Introduction

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Chronic bowel diseases are a group of long-term conditions affecting the digestive tract, characterized by inflammation and damage to the gut lining. These conditions primarily include irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease.
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a common disorder affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The distinctive feature is recurrent abdominal pain associated with altered bowel movements, manifesting as constipation, diarrhea, or fluctuating between both. The...
414
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction01:17

Irritable Bowel Syndrome I: Introduction

263
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is characterized by functional disturbances in the gastrointestinal system, presenting a cluster of symptoms without evident structural or biochemical abnormalities. It primarily affects the large intestine and may cause abdominal pain, bloating, excessive gas, diarrhea, constipation, or both.
IBS is a chronic condition that can persist over a long period or recur frequently.
The pathogenesis of IBS involves a complex interplay of the following factors:
Altered...
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Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
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Inflammatory bowel disease and white matter microstructure: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Jie Yu1, Wanyu Xie1, Ping Wang1

  • 1School of Medical Technology, School of Medical Imaging, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.

Brain Research
|August 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may causally affect white matter microstructure, specifically reducing the orientation dispersion index (OD) in the right tapetum. This Mendelian randomization study suggests a potential link between IBD and brain changes.

Keywords:
Causal associationInflammatory bowel diseaseMendelian randomizationWhite matter microstructure

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gastroenterology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Observational studies suggest altered brain white matter (WM) microstructure in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients.
  • Causality between IBD and WM microstructure changes remains uncertain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential causal relationship between IBD and WM microstructure.
  • Utilize bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Extracted genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for IBD and WM microstructure.
  • Performed bidirectional two-sample MR analysis.
  • Conducted sensitivity analyses to ensure result robustness.

Main Results:

  • No evidence of causality from WM microstructure to IBD was found.
  • Genetically predicted IBD (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease) showed a significant causal effect on the orientation dispersion index (OD) of the right tapetum (β = -0.029, p = 3.63 × 10⁻⁴).
  • Sensitivity analyses confirmed the association's robustness.

Conclusions:

  • IBD is potentially associated with reduced OD in the right tapetum.
  • Suggests a causal link between inflammatory bowel disease and specific white matter alterations.