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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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Detection of MicroRNAs in Microglia by Real-time PCR in Normal CNS and During Neuroinflammation
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Circulating miRNAs modulating systemic low-grade inflammation and affecting neurodegeneration.

Sandra Van der Auwera1, Sabine Ameling2, Katharina Wittfeld3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany; German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Site Rostock/Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.

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|August 29, 2024
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Summary

Plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate immune markers and are linked to neurodegeneration. This study identified 48 significant miRNAs associated with fibrinogen, offering potential for immune-related neurodegenerative disease biomarkers.

Keywords:
Age-related diseasesFibrinogenHsa-miR-148a-3pSystemic inflammationWhite matter lesionsmicro RNA

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Inflammatory processes are key in chronic diseases, including neurodegeneration.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators of immune pathways and potential disease biomarkers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate associations between plasma-circulating miRNAs and immune markers (C-reactive protein, fibrinogen).
  • Assess the impact of these miRNAs on neurodegeneration.
  • Explore moderation effects of APOE ε4 genotype and white matter neurodegeneration.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 176 plasma-circulating miRNAs in the SHIP-TREND-0 cohort (N=801).
  • Linear regression and moderation analyses were employed.
  • Focus on associations with fibrinogen and specific miRNAs like hsa-miR-148a-3p.

Main Results:

  • Identified 48 significant miRNAs associated with fibrinogen, many linked to inflammatory and neurological diseases.
  • Found significant associations between fibrinogen and specific miRNAs, including hsa-miR-148a-3p.
  • APOE ε4 genotype and white matter neurodegeneration influenced miRNA-inflammation associations.

Conclusions:

  • Plasma-circulating miRNAs are involved in regulating immunological markers and are linked to neurodegeneration.
  • The interplay between miRNAs and inflammation shows promise for clinical applications in neurodegenerative diseases.