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A meta-analysis of performance advantages on athletes in multiple object tracking tasks
Hui Juan Liu1, Qi Zhang1, Sen Chen1
1School of Psychology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, China.
Scientific Reports
|August 29, 2024
Summary
Athletes demonstrate superior multiple object tracking (MOT) skills compared to non-athletes, and expert athletes outperform novices. These findings highlight the impact of athletic training on visual attention capabilities.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Neuroscience
- Sports Science
- Psychology
Background:
- Multiple Object Tracking (MOT) is crucial for athletes, involving the ability to track multiple moving objects simultaneously.
- Understanding the cognitive differences in MOT performance between athletes and non-athletes, and between expert and novice athletes, is essential for sports psychology and training.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and meta-analyze existing literature comparing MOT performance across different athletic groups.
- To determine if athletic status and expertise level significantly influence MOT capabilities.
- To identify factors that may moderate these performance differences.
Main Methods:
- A comprehensive literature search was conducted across five databases up to July 2024.
- Included studies focused on healthy individuals classified as athletes/non-athletes or expert/novice athletes.
- Random-effects models and moderator analyses were employed to synthesize data from 23 selected studies.
Main Results:
- Athletes significantly outperformed non-athletes in MOT tasks.
- Expert athletes demonstrated superior MOT performance compared to novice athletes.
- Sport type moderated the performance gap between expert and novice athletes, while tracking duration and number of targets influenced expert-novice differences but not athlete-non-athlete differences.
Conclusions:
- This meta-analysis confirms performance advantages in MOT for athletes over non-athletes and for experts over novices.
- Different factors moderate the cognitive benefits of athletic training and expertise in MOT.
- Future research should precisely categorize participants by sports level to refine understanding of these cognitive advantages.
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