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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

The Indirect Neuron-astrocyte Coculture Assay: An In Vitro Set-up for the Detailed Investigation of Neuron-glia Interactions

The Indirect Neuron-astrocyte Coculture Assay: An In Vitro Set-up for the Detailed Investigation of Neuron-glia Interactions

Published on: November 14, 2016

Astrocyte extracellular matrix modulates neuronal dendritic development.

Joel G Hashimoto^1,2, Nicholas Margolies^1,2, Xiaolu Zhang^1,2

¹Department of Behavioral Neuroscience, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR.

Biorxiv : the Preprint Server for Biology

|August 30, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Developing astrocytes signal to neurons, regulating dendritic development. Ethanol exposure alters astrocyte gene translation, impacting chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans and neuronal branching.

Keywords:

Astrocyte translatome Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD)chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans (CS-GAGs)dendrite development ethanol hippocampus

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Published on: January 10, 2018

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Last Updated: Jun 14, 2025

The Indirect Neuron-astrocyte Coculture Assay: An In Vitro Set-up for the Detailed Investigation of Neuron-glia Interactions

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Published on: November 14, 2016

Quantifying Synapses: an Immunocytochemistry-based Assay to Quantify Synapse Number

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Three-dimensional Tissue Engineered Aligned Astrocyte Networks to Recapitulate Developmental Mechanisms and Facilitate Nervous System Regeneration

Three-dimensional Tissue Engineered Aligned Astrocyte Networks to Recapitulate Developmental Mechanisms and Facilitate Nervous System Regeneration

Published on: January 10, 2018

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Biology
Astrocyte Biology

Background:

Hippocampal development involves rapid dendritic arborization and astrocyte maturation.
Astrocyte-neuron signaling is crucial for modulating neuronal development.
Chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycans (CS-GAGs) are extracellular matrix components known to inhibit neuronal development.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of astrocyte-derived signals in modulating neuronal dendritic development.
To determine how ethanol exposure affects astrocyte gene expression and its impact on neuronal development.
To explore the function of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) biosynthetic enzymes in astrocytes during neurodevelopment.

Main Methods:

Neonatal ethanol exposure in mice to alter neuronal development.
Translating ribosomal affinity purification sequencing (TRAP-seq) to analyze astrocyte translatomes.
Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (LC/MS) to quantify CS-GAG levels.
In vitro studies using astrocyte-conditioned medium to assess effects on neuronal branching.

Main Results:

Ethanol exposure increased dendritic arborization in hippocampal pyramidal neurons.
Ethanol inhibited the translation of astrocyte genes Chpf2 and Chsy1, which encode CS-GAG biosynthetic enzymes.
Reduced Chpf2 and Chsy1 translation correlated with decreased CS-GAG levels.
Silencing Chpf2 in astrocytes led to increased neurite branching in hippocampal neurons in vitro.

Conclusions:

Astrocyte-derived CS-GAGs, regulated by Chpf2 and Chsy1 enzymes, play a significant role in modulating dendritic arborization of developing neurons.
Ethanol exposure disrupts this astrocyte-neuron communication pathway by inhibiting CS-GAG synthesis.
These findings highlight a novel mechanism by which astrocytes influence neuronal development and provide insights into the neurodevelopmental effects of ethanol.