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Advanced Diffusion Imaging in The Hippocampus of Rats with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
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White matter microstructural changes in post-traumatic headache: A diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) study.

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    Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) revealed microstructural brain changes in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) patients. These DTI metrics predict post-traumatic headache and psychological outcomes, highlighting white matter

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroimaging
    • Neuroscience
    • Trauma Research

    Background:

    • Post-traumatic headache (PTH) frequently follows mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), significantly impairing quality of life and rehabilitation.
    • The neuropathogenesis of PTH remains poorly understood, necessitating advanced imaging techniques to investigate underlying brain alterations.
    • Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) offers a method to detect microstructural changes in white matter following mTBI.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate microstructural brain alterations in mTBI participants using DTI.
    • To examine associations between DTI metrics and pain sensitivity and psychological outcomes post-mTBI.
    • To identify differences in DTI metrics and their correlations with clinical outcomes between mTBI patients and healthy controls.

    Main Methods:

    • Acquired T1-weighted anatomical imaging and DTI scans from mTBI (n=12) and healthy control (HC; n=10) participants at 1-month post-injury.
    • Assessed pain sensitivity using quantitative sensory testing and psychological status via questionnaires at 1-month and 6-months post-injury.
    • Analyzed DTI metrics, focusing on mean axial diffusivity and associations with clinical measures within specific white matter tracts.

    Main Results:

    • Significant differences in mean axial diffusivity were observed in the forceps major of mTBI patients compared to HCs at 1-month post-injury.
    • Within the mTBI group, DTI metrics at 1-month post-injury correlated significantly with pain-related and psychological outcomes at 6-months post-injury across multiple white matter tracts.
    • Group differences in the predictive value of DTI metrics for pain outcomes were noted in the right sagittal stratum, left insula, and left superior longitudinal fasciculus.

    Conclusions:

    • Early microstructural changes detected by DTI after mTBI are associated with subsequent pain sensitivity and psychological distress.
    • The Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder for DSM-5 and Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale demonstrated sensitivity to early microstructural changes.
    • White matter microstructure plays a critical role in the development and manifestation of PTH following mTBI, suggesting DTI as a potential predictive biomarker.