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Related Concept Videos

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects01:16

Insulin: Dosing Regimen and Adverse Effects

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Insulin-replacement therapy usually includes both long-acting insulin (basal) and short-acting insulin (to cater to postprandial needs). In a diverse group of type 1 diabetes patients, the average daily insulin dose is typically 0.5-0.7 units/kg body weight. However, obese patients and pubertal adolescents may need more due to insulin resistance.
The basal dose constitutes about 40%-50% of the total daily dose, with the rest as premeal insulin. The mealtime insulin dose should mirror...
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Insulin: Biosynthesis, Chemistry, and Preparation01:25

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The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of pancreatic β-cells synthesizes preproinsulin, which consists of a signal peptide, A and B chains, and a C-peptide. Preproinsulin is then cleaved and folded into proinsulin, which translocates to the Golgi apparatus for sorting and packaging into secretory granules. In these granules, enzymatic clipping generates insulin and C-peptide.
Damage or functional impairment of β-cells inhibits insulin production, leading to diabetes. Diabetes treatment...
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Insulin Formulations: Types and Delivery01:27

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Insulin preparations are categorized by their duration of action into short-acting and long-acting types. Two strategies are used to modify insulin's absorption and pharmacokinetic profile: slowing the absorption post-subcutaneous injection, or altering human insulin's amino acid sequence or protein structure. These changes retain the insulin's ability to bind to the insulin receptor, but alter its behavior in solution or after injection.
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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
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Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

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For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is...
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Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion01:27

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The pancreatic islets comprising only 1%-2% of the volume are highly vascularized and innervated mini-organs. They contain five endocrine cell types, including β cells that secrete insulin, which is synthesized as a single polypeptide chain, preproinsulin, processed to proinsulin, and finally to insulin and C-peptide. This process is complex and regulated, involving the Golgi complex, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the secretory granules of the β cell.
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Updated: Jun 14, 2025

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Adult's Lived Experience Using the Insulin-Only Bionic Pancreas.

Kimberly P Garza1,2, Kelsey R Howard1, Marissa Feldman3

  • 1Pritzker Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology
|August 30, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Adults using the Bionic Pancreas (BP) for type 1 diabetes (T1D) reported positive experiences but noted challenges with glucose management and system adaptability. Patient feedback is crucial for improving automated insulin delivery (AID) systems.

Keywords:
AID systembehavioral researchfocus groupspatient-oriented researchpsychosocial aspects

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Patient-Reported Outcomes

Background:

  • Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems offer potential improvements for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) management.
  • The Bionic Pancreas (BP) is an AID system designed to improve glycemic control and reduce the burden of T1D.
  • Understanding user experiences is vital for the adoption and optimization of AID technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate adult users' perspectives on the insulin-only Bionic Pancreas (BP) after a 13-week pivotal trial.
  • To gather insights into the lived experiences of individuals using AID systems for T1D.
  • To inform the development and educational strategies for AID devices.

Main Methods:

  • Qualitative study involving age-specific focus groups with 40 adult participants (ages 19-75).
  • Exploration of participants' experiences, thoughts, and feelings regarding BP usage.
  • Hybrid thematic analysis of focus group data by three researchers.

Main Results:

  • Four major themes emerged: diabetes burden, glucose management, daily routine, and user experience.
  • Participants generally reported a positive overall experience with the Bionic Pancreas.
  • Identified challenges included managing out-of-range glucose levels and system adaptation to varied meal and exercise schedules.

Conclusions:

  • Patient perspectives are essential for refining AID system design and educational materials for T1D.
  • User feedback can guide the development of more personalized and effective insulin delivery solutions.
  • Identifying suitable candidates for AID systems can enhance patient-clinician discussions and promote device adoption.