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Changes in Infectious Disease-Specific Health Literacy in the Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Period: Two-Round
Yusui Zhao1, Yue Xu1, Dingming Yao1
1Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China.
JMIR Public Health and Surveillance
|August 30, 2024
Summary
Infectious disease-specific health literacy (IDSHL) improved from 2019 to 2022, with higher scores in 2022. Health education should focus on non-respiratory diseases and vulnerable populations.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Health Literacy
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Infectious disease-specific health literacy (IDSHL) is vital for managing infectious diseases and preventing novel outbreaks like COVID-19.
- China utilized nonpharmaceutical interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic, leading to a research gap in IDSHL.
- Understanding IDSHL is crucial for effective public health strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate changes in IDSHL scores from 2019 (pre-pandemic) to 2022 (post-pandemic).
- To identify risk factors influencing IDSHL using multivariate logistic regression.
Main Methods:
- Two-round cross-sectional surveys in 30 counties, Zhejiang Province, China (2019 and 2022).
- Multi-stage stratified random sampling and Kish grid for participant selection.
- Standardized 12-item questionnaire to assess IDSHL, analyzed with descriptive statistics, chi-square, t-tests, and logistic regression.
Main Results:
- Overall IDSHL scores significantly increased from 2019 to 2022 (P<.001).
- Correct response rates for respiratory infectious diseases questions improved, while non-respiratory disease transmission questions slightly decreased.
- The 2022 cohort demonstrated a higher likelihood of possessing acquired IDSHL (OR 1.323, P<.001).
Conclusions:
- Health education efforts must be enhanced for both respiratory and non-respiratory infectious diseases.
- Interventions should prioritize ethnic minorities and individuals with lower education and self-rated health status.
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