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Efficient Microwave Photon-to-Electron Conversion in a High-Impedance Quantum Circuit.

O Stanisavljević1, J-C Philippe1, J Gabelli1

  • 1<a href="https://ror.org/03xjwb503">Université Paris-Saclay</a>, CNRS, <a href="https://ror.org/02dyaew97">Laboratoire de Physique des Solides</a>, 91405 Orsay, France.

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We developed a novel microwave photon-to-electron converter using granular aluminum, achieving 83% quantum efficiency. This breakthrough enables highly sensitive detection of individual microwave photons for advanced applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum optics
  • Superconducting devices
  • Photon detection

Background:

  • Efficient conversion of microwave photons to electrons is crucial for quantum technologies.
  • Existing detectors face limitations in quantum efficiency and dark current.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate an efficient and continuous microwave photon-to-electron converter.
  • To explore the use of granular aluminum for enhanced light-matter interaction.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a high kinetic inductance disordered superconductor (granular aluminum).
  • Investigated microwave photon coupling to electron tunneling processes.
  • Employed a quantum master equation framework for theoretical analysis.

Main Results:

  • Achieved high quantum efficiency (83%) and low dark current.
  • Observed linear and nonlinear photon-assisted processes (2-4 photons/electron) at low intensities.
  • Experimental data aligned well with theoretical predictions.

Conclusions:

  • The granular aluminum converter offers unprecedented efficiency for microwave photon detection.
  • This technology provides a foundation for charge-based detection of individual microwave photons.
  • Enables advancements in quantum information processing and sensitive measurements.