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Microbiota but not immune modulation by a pro- and postbiotic was associated with the diet-additive interaction in
Samuel C G Jansseune1, Fany Blanc2, Aart Lammers3
1Animal Nutrition Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, Jouy-en-Josas, France; Idena, Sautron, France.
Poultry Science
|August 30, 2024
Summary
Lactobacilli probiotic and postbiotic additives modulated broiler cecal microbiota composition under dietary challenge conditions. Diet composition, not additives, influenced immune parameters, with significant effects on microbiota observed only during challenging diets.
Area of Science:
- Animal Science
- Microbiology
- Immunology
Background:
- Poultry production relies on optimal gut health and immune function.
- Dietary interventions, including probiotics and postbiotics, are explored to enhance broiler performance and resilience.
- Understanding diet-additive interactions is crucial for targeted nutritional strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the interactive effects of a Lactobacilli-based probiotic (Pro) and postbiotic (Post) with standard (SD) and challenging diets (CD) on broiler immune parameters and cecal microbiota.
- To analyze the subsequent impact on the cecal metabolome.
- To determine if additives influence immune status and microbiota composition differently based on diet type.
Main Methods:
- A 42-day study with 1,368 male Ross 308 broilers in a 2x3 factorial design (2 diets x 3 additives).
- Immune parameters (serum Ig, antibody titers) and cecal microbiota (16S rRNA sequencing, SCFA, metabolomics) were analyzed.
- Dietary challenge involved increased non-starch polysaccharides from rye and barley.
Main Results:
- A diet-additive interaction affected cecal microbiota composition, particularly under the challenging diet (CD).
- Postbiotics significantly altered microbial community structure (β-diversity) and increased acetate and butyrate levels in CD.
- Probiotics impacted a larger number of metabolites than postbiotics under CD, while neither additive affected microbiota in the standard diet (SD).
- Diet composition, not additives, primarily influenced immune parameters, with a minor interaction on IgM at day 14.
Conclusions:
- Lactobacilli probiotic and postbiotic supplementation can modulate broiler cecal microbiota composition and short-chain fatty acid profiles, especially under dietary challenge.
- The effectiveness of these additives on microbiota is context-dependent, requiring challenging dietary conditions to manifest significant changes.
- Dietary composition plays a more dominant role in shaping broiler immune status than the tested probiotic and postbiotic additives.
