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Andrea Quagliariello1, Massimiliano Marvasi2

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This study proposes plants are key to the evolution of generalist Salmonella strains, originating in the Neolithic era. This highlights a crucial link between agriculture, humans, animals, and pathogen development on farms.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Agricultural Science

Background:

  • Salmonella is a significant foodborne pathogen with diverse strains.
  • The origins and evolutionary drivers of generalist Salmonella remain incompletely understood.
  • The role of plants in pathogen evolution is an emerging area of research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the hypothesis that plants act as a central hub for the evolution of generalist Salmonella.
  • To investigate the potential link between Neolithic agriculture and the emergence of these strains.
  • To understand the co-evolutionary dynamics between humans, animals, plants, and Salmonella.

Main Methods:

  • This is a forum exploring a hypothesis, not presenting experimental data.
  • The discussion is based on existing knowledge of microbial evolution, agriculture, and Salmonella ecology.
  • Synthesizing historical and ecological data to support the proposed hypothesis.

Main Results:

  • Plants may serve as a critical evolutionary incubator for generalist Salmonella strains.
  • The emergence of agriculture during the Neolithic era is proposed as a key period for this evolution.
  • A complex interplay between humans, domestic animals, plants, and Salmonella likely influenced pathogen adaptation.

Conclusions:

  • The hypothesis suggests a significant, previously underappreciated role for plants in Salmonella evolution.
  • The Neolithic agricultural revolution may have been a pivotal event in shaping current Salmonella populations.
  • Further research is warranted to validate the proposed plant-centric evolutionary model for Salmonella.