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Updated: Jun 14, 2025

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Prehospital central venous catheters.

Nicholas M Studer1, Jason R Pickett2, C J Winckler3

  • 1Blood and Shock Resuscitation Division, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA.

Transfusion
|August 30, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Whole blood transfusions are rising in prehospital care. Central venous catheters offer a solution for rapid, high-volume fluid and blood product resuscitation when other methods are limited.

Keywords:
central venous accessprehospital blood transfusionprehospital vascular accessrapid infusionsubclavian line

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Area of Science:

  • Emergency Medicine
  • Trauma Care
  • Critical Care

Background:

  • Increasing use of prehospital whole blood transfusions necessitates effective delivery methods.
  • Existing intraosseous and peripheral venous access devices have limitations in high-flow resuscitation.
  • Timely administration of blood products is critical for survival in emergent situations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of central venous catheter placement in the prehospital setting.
  • To address the limitations of current prehospital access devices for rapid fluid and blood product infusion.

Main Methods:

  • Review of prehospital protocols and case studies involving central venous catheterization.
  • Analysis of clinical scenarios where rapid, high-volume infusion was required.

Main Results:

  • Central venous catheters can be successfully placed in prehospital environments.
  • These catheters facilitate rapid, high-volume infusion of blood products and fluids.
  • Improved resuscitation capabilities in critical prehospital scenarios.

Conclusions:

  • Central venous catheterization is a viable and potentially lifesaving intervention for prehospital resuscitation.
  • This technique enhances the ability to deliver critical blood products rapidly in emergent situations.
  • Further research should explore standardized protocols for prehospital central venous access.