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Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
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Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is a phytocannabinoid that primarily interacts with the CB1 receptor, a type of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) predominantly in and around the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) and emetic center. THC also blocks the serotonin receptor activity in the dorsal vagal complex (DVC) by inhibiting serotonin release. THC exerts its anti-emetic effects through these interactions, which are beneficial for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
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Opioid receptors, including the mu (μ, MOR), delta (δ, DOR), and kappa (κ, KOR) types, belong to the rhodopsin family of G protein-coupled receptors. These receptors are located throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems and in non-neuronal tissues such as macrophages and astrocytes. Opioid receptor ligands can be categorized into agonists or antagonists. Highly selective agonists include [d-Ala2, MePhe4, Gly(ol)5]-enkephalin or DAMGO for MOR, [D-Pen2,...
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Perceptions Toward Naloxone Among Patients With Cancer Receiving Opioids.

Jaya Amaram-Davila1, Maria Franco Vega2, Min Ji Kim1

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Most cancer patients perceive naloxone nasal spray as beneficial for overdose prevention. Further research is needed to address knowledge gaps and improve educational strategies for those who do not.

Keywords:
Cancer painknowledgenaloxoneopioidsoverdosesperception

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Naloxone nasal spray is recommended for patients at risk of opioid overdose.
  • Cancer patients' perceptions of naloxone and overdose risk are understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the proportion of at-risk cancer patients who perceived naloxone as beneficial.
  • To explore factors influencing these perceptions.

Main Methods:

  • A survey of 150 adult cancer patients prescribed naloxone nasal spray was conducted.
  • Data collected included knowledge of overdose risk factors, attitudes, beliefs, and education received.
  • Patients were categorized into beneficial and nonbeneficial groups for comparative analysis.

Main Results:

  • 67% of patients found naloxone beneficial, reporting increased safety and awareness of overdose risks with alcohol or sedating drugs.
  • Patients perceiving naloxone as nonbeneficial were more likely to associate it with opioid misuse suspicion and had less confidence in caregiver administration.
  • Advanced cancer patients constituted 81% of the study population.

Conclusions:

  • The majority of cancer patients understand naloxone's benefits and feel safer having it available.
  • Educational strategies are needed to address knowledge gaps and improve acceptance among patients who do not find naloxone beneficial.