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Related Concept Videos

Voltage Doubler Circuit01:23

Voltage Doubler Circuit

504
A voltage doubler circuit integrates two main components: a clamping section and a rectifier section. The clamping section consists of a capacitor (C1) and a diode (D1), whereas the rectifier section is equipped with another diode (D2) and capacitor (C2). This circuit produces an output voltage with twice the amplitude of the sinusoidal input voltage.
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Diode: Reverse bias01:14

Diode: Reverse bias

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A diode is reverse-biased when the positive terminal of an external voltage source is connected to the n-type material and the negative terminal to the p-type material. This configuration opposes the natural direction of current flow through the diode, effectively increasing the width of the depletion region and the barrier potential. The reverse bias condition produces a minimal leakage current, primarily due to minority charge carriers. This leakage becomes significant when the reverse...
627

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Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Cox-Maze IV Procedure Concomitant with Valvular Surgery In Situs Inversus Dextrocardia: A Single-Center Experience in China
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Reverse double switch operation for the borderline left ventricle.

Annie R Abruzzo1, Rebecca S Beroukhim2, Sarah Campos3

  • 1Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.

The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery
|September 1, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The reverse double switch operation (R-DSO) and ventricular switch offer a new approach for borderline left hearts, showing promising early results with no mortality. Close monitoring for right ventricular dysfunction and tricuspid regurgitation is essential.

Keywords:
biventricular repairborderline left heartsingle ventricle

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Surgery
  • Cardiac Physiology

Background:

  • D-looped borderline left hearts present complex surgical challenges.
  • Current management options include single-ventricle palliation or anatomic biventricular repair.
  • Novel surgical strategies are needed to improve outcomes for these patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the early outcomes of the reverse double switch operation (R-DSO) and ventricular switch.
  • To evaluate the use of the morphologic right ventricle as the systemic ventricle in D-looped borderline left hearts.
  • To assess right ventricular function and tricuspid regurgitation post-R-DSO/ventricular switch.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of children undergoing R-DSO/ventricular switch (2015-2023).
  • Primary endpoints: right ventricular (RV) function and tricuspid regurgitation.
  • Secondary endpoints: mortality, reoperation, and perioperative complications.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-eight patients (19 R-DSO, 9 ventricular switch) were analyzed.
  • Median follow-up was 1.0 year; no mortalities or heart transplants occurred.
  • Four patients experienced mild-moderate or greater RV dysfunction, and 4 had mild-moderate or worse tricuspid regurgitation. Preoperative RV dysfunction predicted postoperative issues.

Conclusions:

  • R-DSO/ventricular switch is a viable alternative for borderline left hearts.
  • Close monitoring for RV dysfunction and tricuspid regurgitation is crucial.
  • Further research with longer follow-up is needed to compare with Fontan pathway and identify optimal candidates.