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[Risk Factors Analysis for Hypermagnesemia with Magnesium Oxide]
Shinji Oda1, Takayuki Miyoshi1, Kenshi Takechi2
1Department of Pharmacy, Matsuyama Shimin Hospital.
Abstract:
While decreased renal function is a known risk factor for hypermagnesemia caused by magnesium oxide (MgO), few studies have comprehensively investigated other contributing factors. In this study, the researchers analyzed the risk factors for hypermagnesemia development in 256 inpatients receiving MgO treatment at the Matsuyama Shimin Hospital. Multivariate analysis identified blood urea nitrogen ≧22 mg/dL, estimated glomerular filtration rate ≦43.1 mL/min, and MgO ≧1000 mg/d as risk factors. Additionally, the researchers' findings suggest a correlation between the number of risk factors and the incidence of hypermagnesemia, including the prevalence of Grade 3 cases. Interestingly, low body mass index emerged as a potential risk factor even in patients without the three identified factors. These findings highlight the importance for pharmacists to advocate for routine serum Mg level monitoring in patients with the risk factors identified in this study.
Insights
Magnesium oxide (MgO) can cause hypermagnesemia, especially in patients with impaired kidney function. This study identified elevated blood urea nitrogen, reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate, and high MgO dosage as key risk factors.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Clinical Pharmacology
Context:
- Magnesium oxide (MgO) is frequently used for conditions like constipation and as an antacid.
- Hypermagnesemia is a potential adverse effect of MgO, particularly in patients with compromised renal function.
- Limited research exists on the comprehensive risk factors for hypermagnesemia beyond renal impairment.
Purpose:
- To identify and analyze the contributing risk factors for hypermagnesemia in inpatients treated with magnesium oxide.
- To evaluate the correlation between identified risk factors and the incidence and severity of hypermagnesemia.
Summary:
- A study of 256 inpatients receiving MgO identified specific risk factors for hypermagnesemia: blood urea nitrogen ≥22 mg/dL, estimated glomerular filtration rate ≤43.1 mL/min, and MgO dosage ≥1000 mg/d.
- The number of risk factors correlated with hypermagnesemia incidence and severity, including Grade 3 cases.
- Low body mass index was also identified as a potential risk factor, even in patients without the primary three factors.
Impact:
- Highlights the need for vigilant monitoring of serum magnesium levels in at-risk patients.
- Provides actionable insights for pharmacists to advocate for targeted monitoring protocols.
- Contributes to improved patient safety and management strategies for MgO therapy.
