Jove
Visualize
Contact Us

Related Concept Videos

Inflammation01:38

Inflammation

53.2K
Overview
53.2K
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

875
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
875
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

22.5K
Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
22.5K
What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

8.5K
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
8.5K
Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

7.0K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
7.0K
Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation01:29

Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation

520
Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
Considering cholesterol and...
520

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Acute Kidney Injury: Intersections Between Chemotherapy and Novel Cancer Immunotherapies.

Biomolecules·2026
Same author

Correction: Mosca et al. Sarcoma Common MHC-I Haplotype Restricts Tumor-Specific CD8+ T Cell Response. <i>Cancers</i> 2022, <i>14</i>, 3414.

Cancers·2026
Same author

Blood CD45<sup>+</sup>/CD3<sup>+</sup> lymphocyte-released extracellular vesicles and mortality in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019.

European journal of clinical investigation·2024
Same author

CDK5R1, GSE1, HSPG2 and WDFY3 as indirect epigenetic-sensitive genes in atrial fibrillation.

European journal of clinical investigation·2023
Same author

Combination of Genomic Landsscape and 3D Culture Functional Assays Bridges Sarcoma Phenotype to Target and Immunotherapy.

Cells·2023
Same author

Bioinformatic platforms for clinical stratification of natural history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.

European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy·2023
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice
09:06

Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice

Published on: February 20, 2019

8.3K

Epitranscriptome: A Novel Regulatory Layer during Atherosclerosis Progression.

Concetta Schiano1, Ugo Trama2, Enrico Coscioni3

  • 1Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, 80138, Italy.

Current Medicinal Chemistry
|September 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary

RNA epitranscriptome alterations are key in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and atherosclerosis (AS). Targeting these RNA modifications offers new avenues for developing predictive biomarkers and precision medicine treatments.

Keywords:
EpitranscriptomeRNAatherosclerosiscardiovascular diseaseprecision medicinesignaling pathways.

More Related Videos

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
05:51

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology

Published on: May 6, 2014

13.1K
Induction of Atherosclerotic Plaques Through Activation of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice
07:36

Induction of Atherosclerotic Plaques Through Activation of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice

Published on: September 26, 2018

10.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice
09:06

Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice

Published on: February 20, 2019

8.3K
A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology
05:51

A Human Ex Vivo Atherosclerotic Plaque Model to Study Lesion Biology

Published on: May 6, 2014

13.1K
Induction of Atherosclerotic Plaques Through Activation of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice
07:36

Induction of Atherosclerotic Plaques Through Activation of Mineralocorticoid Receptors in Apolipoprotein E-deficient Mice

Published on: September 26, 2018

10.0K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • RNA modifications, collectively termed the epitranscriptome, play crucial regulatory roles in cellular processes.
  • Alterations in the epitranscriptome are increasingly recognized in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), including atherosclerosis (AS).
  • The precise transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms of epitranscriptome changes in AS remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the main epitranscriptome modifications implicated in AS.
  • To discuss current RNA modifier-targeting strategies and potential therapeutic molecules.
  • To highlight the potential of epitranscriptome pathways as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for AS.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of epitranscriptome modifications (m6A, m5C, m1A, m7G, Ψ, A-to-I editing) in AS.
  • Analysis of current small molecule inhibitors and activators targeting RNA modification enzymes (e.g., METTL3, FTO, ALKBH5).
  • Exploration of identified phytomolecules (e.g., Panax notoginseng saponins, rhein) with potential epitranscriptome-modulating effects.

Main Results:

  • Key epitranscriptome signatures, including N6-methyladenosine (m6A), 5-methylcytosine (m5C), and others, are associated with AS.
  • Small molecules targeting enzymes like FTO show promise in modulating RNA modifications.
  • Phytomolecules such as rhein have demonstrated potential as FTO inhibitors, increasing mRNA m6A levels.

Conclusions:

  • Epitranscriptome pathways are significantly implicated in the pathogenesis of AS.
  • Targeting RNA epitranscriptome modifications presents novel opportunities for developing predictive, diagnostic, and prognostic biomarkers.
  • Further research into epitranscriptome-sensitive pathways could lead to new precision medicine strategies for CVDs.