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Influence of a simple cyst on kidney function.

Vigen Malkhasyan1,2, Tukhtasin Makhmudov1,2, Yunus Gilfanov1

  • 1Urology Department of the Russian University of Medicine, Moscow, Russia.

Frontiers in Medicine
|September 2, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Simple kidney cysts can impair kidney function by causing parenchymal atrophy and reducing split glomerular filtration rate (sGFR). The extent of atrophy correlates with cyst size, impacting overall kidney health.

Keywords:
kidney functionrenal cystrenal parenchyma losssimple kidney cystsingle kidney volumesplit glomerular filtration ratetotal kidney volume

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Urology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Simple kidney cysts are common findings.
  • Their impact on kidney function and indications for surgery require further clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the influence of simple kidney cysts on kidney function.
  • To identify criteria for surgical intervention in patients with kidney cysts.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective cohort study of 109 patients with simple kidney cysts (Bosniak grade I-IIF).
  • Calculation of split glomerular filtration rate (sGFR).
  • Estimation of cyst size, single kidney volumes (SKV), and atrophied parenchyma using CT scans.

Main Results:

  • A statistically significant average difference of 11 ml/min in sGFR between healthy and cyst-affected kidneys (p=0.001).
  • Significant correlation between lost parenchyma proportion and maximum cyst size (p=0).
  • Lost kidney parenchyma is a significant predictor of decreased sGFR (OR=1.13, p=0).

Conclusions:

  • Kidney cyst growth leads to renal parenchyma atrophy and reduced sGFR.
  • Increased atrophied parenchyma volume directly correlates with diminished sGFR in the affected kidney.