Innovative Fluorescent Polymers in Niosomal Carriers: A Novel Approach to Enhancing Cancer Therapy and Imaging

Area of Science:

• Nanotechnology
• Biomedical Engineering
• Oncology

Background:

• Cancer is a leading cause of death, necessitating personalized treatments due to drug resistance and variable efficacy.
• Theranostic approaches combining therapy and diagnostics offer adaptive strategies for improved cancer care.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the theranostic potential of novel fluorescent polymers (FP-1, FP-2, FP-3) encapsulated in niosomal carriers.
• To assess the combined efficacy of these nanocarriers with chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
• To evaluate their utility in fluorescence imaging for cancer cell visualization.

Main Methods:

• Synthesis and encapsulation of three fluorescent polymers (FP-1, FP-2, FP-3) into niosomal carriers.
• Assessment of cytotoxic effects on A549, MCF-7, and HOb cell lines.
• Evaluation of radiotherapy enhancement using a Linear Accelerator (LINAC) and fluorescence microscopy for cellular uptake and localization.

Main Results:

• Niosomal fluorescent polymer cargoes demonstrated improved antiproliferative effects when combined with radiotherapy.
• Successful in vitro imaging of cancer cells using the fluorescent polymers was achieved.
• Differential uptake and localization were observed between cancerous and healthy cell lines.

Conclusions:

• Niosomal fluorescent polymers show promise as theranostic agents for enhancing cancer therapy and enabling fluorescence imaging.
• Dose optimization is critical for maximizing therapeutic benefits and minimizing adverse effects.
• This dual-functionality highlights the potential of nanotechnology in developing advanced cancer treatment strategies.