Application of Compounds with Anti-Cardiac Fibrosis Activity: A Review

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Medicine
• Pharmacology
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Myocardial fibrosis, a common pathological process, results from conditions like coronary heart disease and hypertension.
• It leads to severe cardiac dysfunction, including heart failure and arrhythmias, increasing sudden death risk.
• Current therapeutic options for cardiac fibrosis are limited, necessitating novel treatment strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and classify existing compounds used for treating cardiac fibrosis.
• To analyze the structures, activities, and signaling pathways of these anti-fibrotic agents.
• To provide a reference for the development of new anti-cardiac fibrosis drugs and repurposing of older medications.

Main Methods:

• Literature review and classification of compounds based on their origin: natural products, synthetic compounds, and patented drugs.
• Detailed analysis of the chemical structures and pharmacological activities of the identified compounds.
• Exploration of the molecular signaling pathways modulated by these compounds in the context of cardiac fibrosis.

Main Results:

• Compounds were categorized into natural products, synthetic agents, and patent drugs.
• Key structural features, biological activities, and targeted signaling pathways were elucidated for each category.
• The review highlights the diversity of chemical entities with potential anti-fibrotic effects.

Conclusions:

• There is a significant need for effective clinical interventions against cardiac fibrosis.
• This review consolidates knowledge on various anti-cardiac fibrosis compounds, aiding future drug design.
• Findings offer a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians in developing novel therapeutic strategies for myocardial fibrosis.