A Membrane-Anchoring Self-Assembling Peptide Allows Bioorthogonal Coupling of Type-I AIEgens for Pyroptosis-Induced

Shenglu Ji1, Tengwu Pan2, Kaiyuan Wang1

  • 1The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.

Insights

This study introduces a dual-targeting peptide for rapid, targeted enrichment of photosensitizers on cancer cell membranes, enabling efficient pyroptosis induction and tumor inhibition via reactive oxygen species generation.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Cancer Therapy
  • Supramolecular Chemistry

Background:

  • Photosensitizer enrichment on cancer cell membranes via bioorthogonal reactions is promising but often lacks targeting and speed.
  • Existing azide-modified sugar labeling methods are slow and non-specific.
  • Membrane-anchoring pure type-I photosensitizers rarely induce cancer cell pyroptosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a dual-targeting peptide for rapid, selective cancer cell membrane enrichment of photosensitizers.
  • To investigate the induction of gasdermin E-mediated pyroptosis using membrane-anchoring type-I photosensitizers.
  • To evaluate the in vivo efficacy of this bioorthogonal combination strategy for cancer therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Design and synthesis of a dual-targeting peptide (DBCO-pYCCK6) for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and cholecystokinin-2 receptor (CCK2R).
  • Bioorthogonal enrichment of azide-modified aggregation-induced emission luminogen (AIEgen) photosensitizers (SAIE-N3) on cancer cell membranes via strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC).
  • In vitro assessment of pyroptosis induction and in vivo tumor growth inhibition studies.

Main Results:

  • The DBCO-pYCCK6 peptide selectively and rapidly self-assembled on cancer cell membranes.
  • Membrane-anchored SAIE-N3 generated type-I reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon light irradiation, inducing GSDME-mediated pyroptosis.
  • In vivo studies showed significant tumor growth inhibition and increased CD8+ cytotoxic T cell infiltration.

Conclusions:

  • A novel peptide-mediated bioorthogonal strategy enables supramolecular self-assembly and AIEgen enrichment for cancer therapy.
  • Pure type-I membrane-anchoring photosensitizers can effectively induce GSDME-mediated pyroptosis for cancer treatment.
  • This approach offers a promising new avenue for targeted cancer therapy by combining bioorthogonal chemistry and pyroptosis induction.