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Related Concept Videos

Management of Insomnia01:19

Management of Insomnia

The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
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Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents

Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
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Restless Leg Syndrome and Night Terrors

Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a neurological disorder characterized by an uncontrollable urge to move the legs due to uncomfortable sensations. These sensations typically occur during periods of rest or inactivity, particularly when lying down or sitting, and can severely disrupt sleep.
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Narcolepsy01:07

Narcolepsy

Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder characterized by pervasive, uncontrolled sleepiness and other sleep disturbances. One of its hallmark symptoms is an abrupt transition to REM sleep upon falling asleep, which causes symptoms typically associated with this phase to occur unexpectedly during wakefulness. These include the following symptoms, which typically last from a minute or two to half an hour.
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Drug Therapy

The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2026

Near Infrared NIr Light Increases Expression of a Marker of Mitochondrial Function in the Mouse Vestibular Sensory Epithelium
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Nano-Rutin: A Promising Solution for Alleviating Various Disorders.

Gunjan Nautiyal1, Neha Minocha2, Shiv Kant Sharma1

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurugram University, Gurugram, 122018, Haryana, India.

Recent Patents on Nanotechnology
|September 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Rutin, a natural flavonoid, shows broad therapeutic potential but has low absorption. Nanoformulations significantly enhance rutin

Keywords:
Rutinanti-inflammatoryantioxidantaqueous solubility.flavonoidnanoformulations

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology and Drug Delivery
  • Natural Products Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology Applications

Background:

  • Rutin, a flavonoid also known as vitamin P, is abundant in plants and possesses diverse therapeutic properties.
  • Poor aqueous solubility and rapid metabolism limit rutin's bioavailability after oral administration.
  • Gut bacteria metabolize rutin, leading to minimal absorption of the parent compound.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review studies and patents on rutin and its nanoformulations.
  • To highlight the therapeutic potential of rutin and its advanced delivery systems.
  • To assess the impact of nanotechnology on rutin's bioavailability.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search of electronic databases (e.g., PubMed, Springer, Google Patents).
  • Extraction and synthesis of published research on rutin's efficacy and nanoformulations.
  • Analysis of studies demonstrating rutin's protective effects and nanotechnology-based delivery strategies.

Main Results:

  • Rutin exhibits a wide range of physiological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, vasoprotective, and anticarcinogenic effects.
  • Nanotechnology, through novel drug-delivery carriers, has been employed to improve rutin's bioavailability.
  • Numerous studies confirm the multifaceted protective roles of rutin and related flavonoids in biological systems.

Conclusions:

  • Rutin nanoformulations offer enhanced aqueous solubility and tailored pharmacokinetics compared to conventional rutin delivery.
  • Development of nanoformulations holds promise for improving therapeutic efficacy of rutin.
  • Further research is needed to definitively confirm the enhanced bioavailability of rutin nanoformulations.