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Arteries of the Lower Limbs01:24

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Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease marked by recurrent, unpredictable seizures. These seizures are caused by abnormal electrical discharges in the brain, leading to behavior, sensation, or consciousness alterations. They can also cause transient impairment of awareness, interfering with daily activities.
Various factors can trigger epilepsy, including genetic factors, brain damage, metabolic causes, and unknown etiology. Diagnosis of epilepsy involves electroencephalography (EEG), which...
181

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Differences in subcortical functional connectivity in patients with epilepsy.

Nikodem Hryniewicz1, Rafał Rola2, Danuta Ryglewicz2

  • 1Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering PAS, Warsaw, Poland. nhryniewicz@ibib.waw.pl.

Neurologia I Neurochirurgia Polska
|September 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Epilepsy alters resting-state functional connectivity (FC) in subcortical brain networks. These changes, particularly reduced FC in the hippocampus and amygdala, differ across epilepsy types and may aid diagnosis.

Keywords:
epilepsyfunctional connectivityinterictalresting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI)subcortical

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Epilepsy involves abnormal brain electrical activity affecting metabolism and functional connectivity (FC).
  • Interictal phenomena in epilepsy can impact brain metabolism and FC beyond the seizure focus.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if epilepsy affects resting-state functional connectivity (FC) between cortical and subcortical brain structures.
  • To explore how understanding FC in epilepsy can inform pathophysiological insights and treatment strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Functional connectivity (FC) was analyzed using resting-state fMRI in 35 epilepsy patients and 28 healthy controls.
  • Simultaneous EEG recording with fMRI helped mitigate the impact of interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs).
  • Correlation coefficients (FC values) between brain structures were compared between groups.

Main Results:

  • Patients with epilepsy exhibited lower FC values compared to controls.
  • Affected connections involved the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC), hippocampus, thalamus, amygdala, and parahippocampal gyrus.

Conclusions:

  • Epilepsy significantly alters resting-state functional connectivity in subcortical networks.
  • Pathological FC patterns vary among epilepsy subtypes, with notable reductions in hippocampus, amygdala, and thalamus connections.
  • Altered FC may precede clinical symptoms, potentially aiding early diagnosis of cognitive and emotional disorders in epilepsy.