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Published on: February 14, 2022
Incidentally Induced Atrial Fibrillation During Programmed Electrical Stimulation in Patients With Depressed Left
Tharsika Sakthivel1, Niels Risum1, Henning Bundgaard1
1Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Insights
Incidental atrial fibrillation (AF) during programmed electrical stimulation in post-myocardial infarction patients with reduced ejection fraction did not increase long-term AF risk. This finding suggests incidental AF during PES is not a significant predictor of future cardiac events.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Electrophysiology
- Clinical Research
Background:
- Patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction post-myocardial infarction (MI) are at risk for arrhythmias.
- Programmed electrical stimulation (PES) is used to assess arrhythmia risk.
- The clinical significance of incidentally induced atrial fibrillation (AF) during PES in this population is not well-defined.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the long-term clinical implications of incidentally induced AF during PES.
- To determine if incidental AF during PES predicts future AF, other arrhythmias, or major cardiovascular events (MACE) in post-MI patients with reduced ejection fraction.
Main Methods:
- The study included 231 patients from the CARISMA study with LVEF ≤40% and no prior AF history.
- Patients underwent PES 6 weeks post-MI and received an implantable cardiac monitor (ICM) for 2-year continuous monitoring.
- Incidental AF during PES was recorded and analyzed in relation to long-term outcomes.
Main Results:
- Of 231 patients, 61 (26%) developed AF within 2 years; 10 had incidental AF during PES.
- Incidental AF during PES was not associated with a significantly increased risk of long-term AF (HR 1.6 [0.9-3.0], p=0.14).
- No significant differences were observed in the risk of bradyarrhythmia, ventricular arrhythmias, or MACE between patients with and without incidental AF.
Conclusions:
- Incidentally induced AF during PES in post-MI patients with reduced LVEF is not significantly associated with increased long-term risk of AF.
- This finding suggests that incidental AF during PES may not be a strong predictor of future cardiac arrhythmias or MACE in this specific patient group.
Background:
The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical implication of incidentally induced atrial fibrillation (AF) during programmed electrical stimulation (PES) in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (≤40%) after an acute myocardial infarction (MI).
Methods:
In this study, we included 231 patients from the Cardiac Arrhythmias and RIsk Stratification after Myocardial InfArction (CARISMA) study with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40% and no prior history of AF. These patients underwent PES 6 weeks post-MI as part of the study protocol. Patients all received an implantable cardiac monitor (ICM) 3-21 days post-MI and were continuously monitored for cardiac arrhythmias for 2 years. Induction of AF was unwanted but reported if this incidentally occurred.
Results:
A total of 61 patients (26%) developed AF within 2 years of follow-up, in which n = 10 (29%) had incidental AF during PES at baseline. The overall risk of AF was not significantly increased in patients with incidental AF (n = 34) during PES compared to patients without incidental AF (n = 197) (HR 1.6 [0.9-3.0], p = 0.14). The risk of bradyarrhythmia (HR = 0.2 [0.0-1.2], p = 0.07), ventricular arrhythmias (HR = 0.7 [0.1-5.8], p = 0.77), and major cardiovascular events (MACE) (HR 0.5 [0.2-1.7], p = 0.28) was not significantly different in patients with versus without incidental AF.
Conclusions:
Incidentally induced AF during PES in post-MI patients with reduced LVEF was not significantly associated with a higher risk of long-term atrial fibrillation, other cardiac arrhythmias, or major cardiac events.
Trial Registration:
NCT00145119.
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