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Multifunctional Bionic Periosteum with Ion Sustained-Release for Bone Regeneration.

Junjie Mao1, Zhenqian Sun2,3, Shidong Wang4

  • 1Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution & Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250061, P. R. China.

Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|September 3, 2024
PubMed
Summary

A novel bionic periosteum (BP) with bioactive glass fiber membrane (BGFM) enhances bone repair. This material controls ion release, promotes M2 macrophage polarization, and stimulates osteogenesis and angiogenesis for accelerated bone regeneration.

Keywords:
angiogenesisanti‐inflammatorybioactive glass fibre membranebionic periosteumdelayed ions releaseosteogenesisporous structure

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine

Background:

  • Bone defects pose significant clinical challenges.
  • Current bone graft substitutes have limitations in promoting regeneration.
  • Developing advanced biomaterials for enhanced bone repair is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and characterize a novel bionic periosteum (BP)-bioactive glass fiber membrane (BGFM).
  • To investigate the effects of magnesium and zinc ions on the membrane's structure and ion release profile.
  • To evaluate the BP-BGFM's efficacy in promoting osteogenesis and angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of BP-BGFM using electrospinning with magnesium and zinc ions.
  • Characterization of fiber morphology, pore structure, and ion release kinetics.
  • In vitro studies on macrophage polarization and osteogenic differentiation.
  • Bioinformatics analysis of signaling pathways involved in bone repair.
  • In vivo evaluation in a rat calvarial defect model.

Main Results:

  • The incorporation of Mg2+ and Zn2+ altered pore structure, reducing rapid ion release and improving degradation.
  • BP-BGFM induced M2 macrophage polarization, creating a pro-osteogenic immune microenvironment.
  • Bioinformatics analysis identified the JAK-STAT signaling pathway as crucial for BP-mediated bone repair.
  • Slow ion release from BP-BGFM directly promoted osteogenic differentiation and vascularization.
  • The bionic periosteum demonstrated significant angiogenesis and osteogenesis in a rat calvarial defect model.

Conclusions:

  • The novel bionic periosteum effectively controls ion release and enhances bone regeneration.
  • BP-BGFM promotes a favorable immune response and osteogenic differentiation.
  • This biomaterial shows significant potential for accelerating bone repair through enhanced angiogenesis and osteogenesis.