Racial/Ethnic Differences in the Age-Varying Association Between Adherence to 8-5-2-1-0 Guidelines in Adolescents...

Area of Science:

• Adolescent Health
• Public Health
• Obesity Prevention

Background:

• High body mass index (BMI) is a significant health concern in adolescents.
• Adherence to 24-hour movement guidelines (sleep, diet, screen time, physical activity) is crucial for maintaining healthy BMI.
• Understanding age and racial variations in guideline adherence is essential for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the link between adherence to the 8-5-2-1-0 guidelines and the risk of high BMI in U.S. adolescents.
• To explore racial inequities in these associations.
• To assess how these associations change with age.

Main Methods:

• Utilized data from the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System survey.
• Employed multivariable logistic regression and time-varying effect models (TVEM).
• Conducted moderation analyses by race/ethnicity and age.

Main Results:

• Only 0.5% of 13,518 adolescents (≥14 years) met all 8-5-2-1-0 guidelines.
• Adherence to sleep, physical activity (PA), and screen time guidelines was associated with reduced odds of high BMI (ORs 0.79, 0.66, 0.83, respectively).
• TVEM indicated age-specific fluctuations in associations and significant racial/ethnic disparities.

Conclusions:

• Adherence to sleep and screen time guidelines shows age-dependent associations with high BMI.
• Interventions targeting 24-hour movement guidelines must consider age and racial/ethnic differences.
• Nuanced, age-appropriate strategies are needed to address adolescent high BMI and associated disparities.