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Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Multi-Modal Home Sleep Monitoring in Older Adults

Multi-Modal Home Sleep Monitoring in Older Adults

Published on: January 26, 2019

Multidimensional Sleep Profiles via Machine learning and Risk of Dementia and Cardiovascular Disease.

Clémence Cavaillès¹, Meredith Wallace², Yue Leng¹

¹Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.

Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences

|September 4, 2024

Summary

Poor sleep profiles in older men are linked to increased dementia and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Identifying these sleep patterns can guide interventions and improve health outcomes.

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Area of Science:

Gerontology
Sleep Medicine
Epidemiology

Background:

Sleep health is multidimensional, encompassing duration, fragmentation, and circadian activity.
Most research focuses on individual sleep aspects, neglecting comprehensive sleep profiles.
Understanding multidimensional sleep profiles is crucial for identifying health risks.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify 24-hour sleep/circadian profiles using actigraphy in older men.
To investigate the association between these sleep profiles and the incidence of dementia and cardiovascular disease (CVD) over 12 years.

Main Methods:

A prospective, multicenter, population-based cohort study followed 2,667 older men for 12 years.
Actigraphy data was used to derive 20 sleep and circadian activity rhythm variables.
Unsupervised machine learning (generalized hyperbolic mixture modeling) identified distinct sleep profiles.

Main Results:

Three profiles emerged: Active Healthy Sleepers (AHS), Fragmented Poor Sleepers (FPS), and Long and Frequent Nappers (LFN).
Compared to AHS, FPS showed significantly higher risks of dementia (HR=1.35) and CVD events (HR=1.32).
LFN had a marginal association with increased CVD risk (HR=1.16) but not dementia.

Conclusions:

Distinct multidimensional sleep health profiles exist in older men.
Poor sleep and circadian rhythms are associated with increased risks of cognitive and cardiovascular diseases.
These findings emphasize the need for comprehensive sleep assessments and targeted interventions.