FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM AFTER UNILATERAL OOPHORECTOMY

To evaluate the functional state of the reproductive system following unilateral oophorectomy (UO).

Forty-three patients (aged 7 to 38 years) who underwent unilateral oophorectomy were divided into three groups based on their age at the time of surgery: Group I (7-15 years), Group II (16-30 years), and Group III (30-38 years). The functional state of the reproductive system was assessed 3 months and 1 year after the procedure.

The indications for surgery were as follows: Group I: Follicular cysts were present in 69.2% of cases, while endometrial, dermoid, papillary, and corpus luteum cysts each occurred in 7.7% of cases. Group II: Follicular cysts were the most common, found in 57.9% of cases, with endometrial cysts occurring in 21.1% of cases. Group III: Endometrial cysts were predominant, observed in 54.5% of cases, while follicular cysts were found in 36.4% of cases. Following UO, functional cysts developed in the remaining ovary in 69.8% of patients, with a higher prevalence in Group III. Three months after surgery, the Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH) levels decreased significantly across all groups. However, AMH levels recovered within one year in Groups I and II, but not in Group III.

Unilateral oophorectomy leads to a decrease in ovarian reserve in all age patients three months post-surgery. Nevertheless, functional ovarian activity is restored within one year for pubertal and early reproductive-aged women, unlike those in the late reproductive age group. Given the high incidence of functional cysts in the remaining ovary following UO, regular follow-up for these patients is essential.