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Behavioral disorders in multiple sclerosis: a comprehensive review.

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  • 1Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, Alberichgasse 5/13, Vienna, A-1150, Austria. kurt.jellinger@univie.ac.at.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Behavioral changes are common in multiple sclerosis (MS), affecting 30-80% of patients and impacting daily life. Early identification and targeted interventions are crucial for managing MS and improving patient outcomes.

Keywords:
Behavioral changesBrain network disordersMultiple sclerosisNeuroimaging dataPathogenic mechanismsTreatment strategies

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Psychiatry

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system autoimmune disease causing inflammation, demyelination, and neurodegeneration.
  • Behavioral changes are frequent neuropsychiatric symptoms in MS, appearing early and worsening with disease progression.
  • These changes, including executive dysfunction and mood disorders, contribute significantly to MS-related disability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on epidemiological, clinical, neuroimaging, and pathogenetic aspects of behavioral changes in MS.
  • To identify potential early diagnostic markers for behavioral symptoms in MS.
  • To explore new therapeutic targets and strategies for managing behavioral disturbances in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library.
  • Analysis of epidemiological, clinical, neuroimaging, and pathogenetic data related to MS behavioral changes.
  • Examination of findings from demyelination animal models and human neuroimaging studies.

Main Results:

  • Behavioral changes affect 30-80% of individuals with MS and are often linked to cognitive deficits, not motor impairments.
  • Neuroimaging reveals prefrontal cortical atrophy and disrupted fronto-striato-thalamic and frontoparietal networks in MS.
  • Animal models show similarities between demyelination and human white matter/neuroinflammatory abnormalities.

Conclusions:

  • Behavioral symptoms are a significant and common feature of MS, requiring further research into their specific pathomechanisms.
  • Early identification of behavioral changes is essential for comprehensive MS management.
  • Interventions including social, psychological, behavioral, and exercise-based approaches show promise for improving outcomes.