Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 14, 2025

In Vitro Methods for Comparing Target Binding and CDC Induction Between Therapeutic Antibodies: Applications in Biosimilarity Analysis
Published on: May 4, 2017
A Risk-Based Assessment for Determining the Pharmacokinetic Comparability Requirements of Biologic-Device Combination
Mark Klitgaard Nøhr1, Shaik Rizwan Waheed2, Rasmus Juul Kildemoes3
1Regulatory Affairs, Chemistry, Manufacturing and Controls, Novo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark.
Abstract:
The development of new large molecule drug therapies along with the innovation of biologic-device combination products such as prefilled syringes, autoinjectors and pen injectors have significantly impacted the treatment of new diseases and has improved the process of administering parenteral medicines. To support the regulatory approval of a new biologic-device combination products or subsequent chemistry, manufacturing and control changes impacting a combination product, sponsor companies must thoroughly assess the potential impact to product quality, safety and efficacy. In this report, a risk-based process to determine the potential impact to product quality, safety, and efficacy as well as corresponding regulatory actions supporting a chemistry, manufacturing and control change is presented. The risk assessment includes the standardized assessment of a) chemistry, manufacturing and control risk factors, potential responses and appropriately weighted scoring; b) pharmacokinetic risk factors, potential responses and appropriately weighted scoring; and c) the use of a 2-dimensional risk grid to combine the chemistry, manufacturing and control risks and pharmacokinetic risks to provide a regulatory recommendation. Three case studies (two clinical case studies and a post-approval case study) are provided to demonstrate the assessment process and capabilities.
Related Concept Videos
Bioequivalence: Overview
Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics: Overview
Bioavailability: Overview
Pharmacokinetic Models: Comparison and Selection Criterion
Physiological models take a detailed approach by considering specific molecular processes. They can predict drug distribution, metabolism, and elimination changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how drugs interact with the body.
Noncompartmental Analysis: Miscellaneous Pharmacokinetic Parameters
One key aspect of the noncompartmental approach is determining a drug's total clearance. This can be done by dividing the drug dose by the area under the concentration-time curve from zero to infinity. The area under the concentration-time curve represents the drug's...
Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral
The intravenous route (IV) of drug administration can be further categorized into two types. The bolus injection administers the entire dose rapidly, while an intravenous infusion slowly delivers smaller doses steadily.
The IV route is often...

