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The genotoxicity of selenium.

R J Shamberger

    Mutation Research
    |July 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary

    Selenium exhibits both cancer-preventative and mutagenic effects. This review summarizes evidence on selenium

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    Area of Science:

    • Nutritional biochemistry
    • Toxicology
    • Cancer research

    Background:

    • Selenium compounds show anticarcinogenic effects against various cancers in animal models.
    • High selenium intake is linked to toxicity, necessitating a balanced understanding of its effects.
    • Industrial applications of selenium are widespread, increasing potential exposure.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review experimental evidence on the mutagenic and antimutagenic properties of selenium.
    • To consolidate information on selenium's dual role in cancer prevention and genotoxicity.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of studies investigating selenium's effects on mutagenicity and carcinogenicity.
    • Compilation of data on various selenium compounds and their reported effects.

    Main Results:

    • Selenium demonstrates significant anticarcinogenic effects in animal studies for breast, colon, liver, and skin cancers.
    • Numerous studies report both mutagenic and antimutagenic effects associated with different selenium compounds.
    • Higher selenium intake, beyond nutritional levels, poses toxicity risks.

    Conclusions:

    • Selenium possesses a complex profile with both beneficial (anticarcinogenic) and detrimental (mutagenic/toxic) properties.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the genotoxic and chemopreventive mechanisms of selenium.
    • Understanding selenium's dose-dependent effects is crucial for both nutritional supplementation and industrial safety.

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