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Aetiology and Outcome of Childhood Convulsive Status Epilepticus: A tertiary care experience in Oman

Areeba Wasim1, Shihab S Al Maawali2, Abdulrahman S AlJabri2

  • 1Department of Child Health, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, University Medical City, Muscat, Oman.

Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal
|September 5, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) in children is most commonly caused by acute symptomatic or febrile status. Longer seizure duration increases mortality and disability, underscoring the need for prompt management and identification of underlying causes.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Critical Care

Background:

  • Convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) is a medical emergency in children.
  • Understanding the causes, management, and outcomes of CSE is crucial for improving patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the aetiology, management, and outcomes of pediatric CSE.
  • To identify factors influencing patient outcomes in CSE cases.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 93 children with CSE treated between 2020-2023.
  • Data collected from emergency department, high dependency unit, and intensive care unit.
  • Modified Rankin Scale used to assess outcomes at discharge.

Main Results:

  • Acute symptomatic (37.7%) and febrile status (31.2%) were the leading aetiologies.
  • Diazepam was the first-line treatment; 76.34% achieved seizure control within 60 minutes.
  • 55.9% returned to baseline, while 5.38% experienced mortality and 38.7% had neurological disability.

Conclusions:

  • Acute symptomatic status is the most frequent cause of pediatric CSE.
  • Longer CSE duration is linked to increased mortality and neurological disability.
  • Prompt management and addressing the underlying cause are vital for better outcomes.
Abstract

Keywords:
Convulsive Status EpilepticusEtiologyOutcomeRankin Scale

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