The modified placenta model for microsurgery training: Recommended methods for comprehensive microsurgery experience.

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Surgical Training
• Medical Education

Background:

• Rats are the current standard for microsurgery training but have limitations.
• Placenta-based models are underutilized in microsurgery education.
• Enhancing realism in surgical simulators is crucial for effective training.

Purpose of the Study:

• To improve the realism of placenta models for microsurgery training.
• To introduce pulsation and thrombus features to the placenta model.
• To establish a reliable time schedule for using the placenta model.

Main Methods:

• Thirty placentas were used, divided into training and histopathological groups.
• Placentas were stored under refrigeration (4°C) or at room temperature.
• Histopathological analysis assessed necrosis ratios and vessel diameters (Endothelium/Media and Artery/Vein).

Main Results:

• Trainee feedback indicated a significantly better microsurgery experience with the placenta model compared to rats for the first three days.
• Low necrosis ratios were observed in the first three days, supporting the questionnaire results.
• Specific vessel diameters were recorded across six levels, providing quantitative data for the model.

Conclusions:

• The modified placenta model with pulsation and thrombus significantly enhances microsurgery training realism.
• The placenta model provides a superior training experience to rats within the first three days.
• A hybrid approach combining the placenta model with living rats is recommended for comprehensive training.