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Measurement of Lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster
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Live yeasts accelerate Drosophila melanogaster larval development.

Yanira Jiménez-Padilla1, Babafemi Adewusi1, Marc-André Lachance1

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada.

The Journal of Experimental Biology
|September 5, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Live yeasts in insect guts accelerate development by providing nutrients and increasing feeding rates, acting as beneficial symbionts. This contrasts with nutritional supplements, highlighting the importance of live yeast interactions for host growth.

Keywords:
Development timeGnotobioticGut yeastsGut–brain axisInsect symbiontsMicrobiome

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Insect Biology
  • Symbiotic Relationships

Background:

  • Insect guts host diverse microbial communities influencing host physiology and behavior.
  • Gut microbiome research has primarily focused on bacteria, with less attention paid to yeasts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of yeasts in the development of Drosophila melanogaster.
  • To determine if live yeasts offer developmental benefits beyond simple nutrition.

Main Methods:

  • Comparison of development times between axenic (microbe-free) and conventionally reared Drosophila melanogaster.
  • Inoculation of axenic larvae with specific yeast species (Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lachancea kluyveri).
  • Administration of nutritional supplements (heat-killed yeasts, vitamins, amino acids) to axenic flies.

Main Results:

  • Axenic flies exhibited slower development (13 days) compared to those with natural microbiota (11.5 days).
  • Inoculation with live yeasts restored faster development, comparable to flies with natural microbiota.
  • Nutritional supplements provided only a slight acceleration in development, less than live yeasts.
  • Live yeasts increased feeding rates in the third instar larvae, suggesting a gut-brain axis interaction.

Conclusions:

  • Yeasts are active, reproducing symbionts within the insect gut.
  • Live yeasts significantly benefit fly development, acting as more than just a food source.
  • The fly-yeast interaction involves complex mechanisms, potentially mediated by the gut-brain axis, enhancing host performance.