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Diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding based on the FIGO classification: A systematic review and expert opinions
Yoshikazu Kitahara1, Osamu Hiraike2, Hiroshi Ishikawa3
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.
Aim:
To present evidence- and consensus-based recommendations for the diagnosis abnormal uterine bleeding.
Methods:
A literature search for the diagnosis of abnormal uterine bleeding was systematically conducted in PubMed from its inception to May 2024 to identify meta-analyses, reviews, randomized controlled trials, and clinical trials, followed by an additional systematic search using keywords. Based on this evidence, an expert panel developed background, clinical, and future research questions.
Results:
Based on a systematic search and the collected evidence, we developed five background questions, three clinical questions, and one future research question, with recommendations and/or statements. Evidence and recommendations are provided for clinical questions. Additionally, we developed a flowchart for diagnosis showing the steps of the examinations to be performed.
Conclusion:
The flowchart and nine recommendations/statements specify an efficient diagnostic procedure to differentiate abnormal causative diseases of uterine bleeding optimized for actual Japanese situations.
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