Imaging of Pulsatile Tinnitus.

Area of Science:

• Radiology
• Otolaryngology
• Neurology

Background:

• Tinnitus affects most adults, with pulsatile tinnitus raising concerns for underlying disease.
• Pulsatile tinnitus, a heartbeat-like sound, can be debilitating, affecting cognition and mental health.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive review of pulsatile tinnitus literature.
• To focus on pathophysiologic mechanisms, diagnostic pathways, imaging, and management.
• To propose a framework for diagnosis and management.

Main Methods:

• Narrative review of current literature.
• Analysis of diagnostic pathways, including history, physical examination, and imaging.
• Review of emerging surgical, endovascular, and supportive treatment options.

Main Results:

• Pulsatile tinnitus often has subtle but significant imaging findings.
• Improved imaging techniques enhance diagnostic accuracy.
• Novel treatments offer potential for cure or symptom amelioration.

Conclusions:

• Accurate diagnosis of pulsatile tinnitus requires careful clinical evaluation and appropriate imaging.
• A structured framework can aid clinicians in managing pulsatile tinnitus.
• The majority of patients can achieve symptom relief or cure with current and emerging strategies.