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Tumor Immunotherapy

Tumor Immunotherapy

Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
Cancer vaccines come in two categories: preventive (prophylactic) and treatment (active). Preventive vaccines, such as the Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, protect against viruses that cause certain...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy

Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy

Published on: August 1, 2013

In vivo dendritic cell reprogramming for cancer immunotherapy.

Ervin Ascic^1,2, Fritiof Åkerström³, Malavika Sreekumar Nair^1,2

¹Molecular Medicine and Gene Therapy, Lund Stem Cell Centre, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|September 5, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Scientists reprogrammed tumor cells into dendritic cells in vivo, enhancing anti-cancer immunity and promoting tumor regression. This novel immunotherapy approach shows promise for overcoming treatment resistance in cancer patients.

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Last Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Preparation of Tumor Antigen-loaded Mature Dendritic Cells for Immunotherapy

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Published on: August 1, 2013

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Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells from Human Melanoma Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes

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Published on: November 11, 2016

Area of Science:

Immunology
Oncology
Gene Therapy

Background:

Cancer immunotherapy faces challenges due to poor antigen presentation and immune cell exclusion within the tumor microenvironment.
Current immunotherapies have limited success in achieving widespread, long-term patient survival.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop an in vivo method for reprogramming tumor cells into antigen-presenting dendritic cells.
To investigate the potential of in vivo immune cell reprogramming to enhance anti-cancer immunity and overcome treatment resistance.

Main Methods:

Adenoviral delivery of transcription factors (PU.1, IRF8, BATF3) to reprogram tumor cells in vivo.
Assessment of reprogrammed cells' ability to present antigens and function as dendritic cells.
Evaluation of tumor microenvironment remodeling, T cell recruitment, tumor regression, and systemic immunity in mouse melanoma models.
Testing reprogramming efficacy in human tumor spheroids and xenografts.

Main Results:

Reprogrammed tumor cells effectively presented antigens, mimicking type 1 conventional dendritic cells.
In vivo reprogramming remodeled the tumor microenvironment, attracting and expanding cytotoxic T cells.
Significant tumor regressions and long-term systemic immunity were observed in mouse melanoma models.
Reprogramming proceeded effectively in human tumor models, independent of immunosuppressive factors.

Conclusions:

In vivo reprogramming of tumor cells into immunogenic dendritic-like cells is a feasible strategy for cancer immunotherapy.
This approach can overcome common immunotherapy limitations, such as poor antigen presentation and immunosuppression.
The findings support the advancement of in vivo immune cell reprogramming for human clinical trials in cancer treatment.