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An EQ-5D-5L Value Set for Ghana Using an Adapted EuroQol Valuation Technology Protocol
Rebecca Addo1, Brendan Mulhern1, Richard Norman2
1Centre for Health Economics Research and Evaluation, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Ghana now has its first EQ-5D-5L value set, crucial for health economic evaluations. This new tool aids in comparing health technologies and informing healthcare priority setting in Ghana.
Area of Science:
- Health Economics
- Outcome Measurement
- Psychometrics
Background:
- Ghana's economic evaluation guidelines require quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) for cost-utility analysis.
- A specific Ghanaian value set for QALY estimation using the EQ-5D-5L instrument is currently unavailable.
- This necessitates the development of a localized value set to align with national health economic evaluation standards.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a population-based value set for the EQ-5D-5L instrument in Ghana.
- To provide a tool for estimating QALYs in cost-utility analyses within the Ghanaian healthcare context.
- To support evidence-based decision-making in health technology assessment and priority setting.
Main Methods:
- Collected preference data from 300 adults across three regions in Ghana using the EuroQol valuation technology (EQ-VT) protocol.
- Employed composite time-trade-off (cTTO) and discrete-choice experiments (DCEs) for utility elicitation.
- Modeled data using various statistical approaches, including generalized least squares, Tobit, heteroskedastic, logit, and hybrid models, selecting the best-fitting model based on logical consistency and statistical significance.
Main Results:
- The study generated 4500 cTTO and 4200 DCE responses from the 300 participants.
- The Hybrid Tobit random effect heteroscedastic-constrained model was selected for the Ghana value set.
- The predicted values for the best (11112) and worst (55555) health states were 0.969 and -0.493, respectively. Mobility impairments showed the largest health state value decrements.
Conclusions:
- This research presents the first Ghanaian EQ-5D-5L value set, derived from a nationally representative sample.
- The developed value set is essential for conducting robust economic evaluations in Ghana.
- It will facilitate the comparison of diverse health technologies and inform healthcare resource allocation and priority setting.
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