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Updated: Jun 14, 2025

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Risk of alterations in neurodevelopment in infants and preschool children with cancer

Liliana Velasco-Hidalgo1, Alejandro González-Garay2, Antonio Rizzoli-Córdoba3

  • 1Oncology Service, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría.

Boletin Medico Del Hospital Infantil De Mexico
|September 5, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Neurodevelopmental delays are common in young children undergoing cancer treatment. This study evaluated neurodevelopment in 45 pediatric cancer patients using the Early Development Instrument (EDI) test.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Neurodevelopmental Pediatrics
  • Child Psychology

Background:

  • Cancer survivors often face cognitive challenges like memory and attention deficits.
  • Limited research exists on neurodevelopment in children under five undergoing cancer treatment.
  • This study addresses the gap by evaluating neurodevelopment in this vulnerable pediatric population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess neurodevelopment in cancer patients under five years old using the Early Development Instrument (EDI).
  • To identify potential influencing factors such as nutritional status, cancer type, and treatment effects on neurodevelopment.
  • To establish baseline neurodevelopmental data for early intervention strategies.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study design was employed from February 2018 to March 2019.
  • Included were pediatric patients diagnosed with non-central nervous system cancers in any treatment phase.
  • Neurodevelopment was evaluated using the Early Development Instrument (EDI) test.

Main Results:

  • Out of 45 patients, 42.2% showed normal neurodevelopment, 15.5% had delays, and 42.2% were at risk of delay.
  • Fine motor skills showed a higher risk of delay in retinoblastoma (28%) and leukemia/lymphoma (23%) patients compared to solid tumors (p=0.025).
  • Developmental delay rates varied by cancer type: leukemia/lymphoma (52%), retinoblastoma (71%), and solid tumors (23%).

Conclusions:

  • Neurodevelopmental delays and risks are prevalent in young children undergoing cancer treatment.
  • Further research is essential to understand the specific impact of various treatments on neurodevelopment in this cohort.
  • Early identification and intervention are crucial for mitigating long-term cognitive deficits in pediatric cancer patients.
Abstract

Keywords:
Alteraciones en el neurodesarrilloChild developmentDesarrollo infantilDrug therapyNeoplasiasNeoplasmNeurodevelopmental disordersQuimioterapia

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