[Research progress on the correlation between intestinal microecology and sepsis]

Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, with increasing mortality as septic shock and organ failure progress. Mechanisms such as vascular endothelial dysfunction, microcirculatory disorders, coagulation abnormalities, immune suppression, mitochondrial damage, cell pyroptosis, ferroptosis, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagy play crucial roles in organ dysfunction and death caused by sepsis. Concurrently, the imbalance of the gut microbiota also plays an undeniable role in the development of sepsis, with recent studies demonstrating a close connection between the gut microbiome and sepsis. Thus, how to improve the prognosis of patients with sepsis by reconstructing gut microbiota has become a focus of interest for critical care physicians. This article reviews the research progress on the correlation between gut microbiota and sepsis, providing clinical physicians with more therapeutic strategies to improve patient prognosis.