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Taming Mass Gaps with Anti-de Sitter Space
Christian Copetti1, Lorenzo Di Pietro2,3, Ziming Ji3,4
1Mathematical Institute, <a href="https://ror.org/052gg0110">University of Oxford</a>, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, United Kingdom.
Physical Review Letters
|September 6, 2024
Summary
Anti-de Sitter space enables interpolation between different theoretical physics regimes. A specific operator destabilizes a gapless phase, leading to a gapped phase that connects smoothly to flat space, a mechanism conjectured for gauge theories.
Area of Science:
- Theoretical Physics
- High Energy Physics
- String Theory
Background:
- Anti-de Sitter space provides an infrared cutoff for asymptotically free theories.
- This allows for interpolation between weakly coupled small-sized and strongly coupled flat-space regimes.
- Boundary conformal theories offer a framework to study these interpolations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To scrutinize the interpolation mechanism in two-dimensional theories using boundary conformal field theory.
- To understand the role of operators in destabilizing phases and inducing renormalization group flow.
- To explore potential connections to confinement in gauge theories.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of two-dimensional theories within the framework of boundary conformal field theory.
- Investigation of the impact of a singlet marginal operator on the theory's phase structure.
- Study of boundary renormalization group flow from a gapless to a gapped phase.
Main Results:
- The appearance of a singlet marginal operator destabilizes a gapless phase at small sizes.
- This destabilization triggers a boundary renormalization group flow.
- The flow leads to a gapped phase that smoothly connects to the flat-space regime.
Conclusions:
- A mechanism involving a singlet marginal operator and boundary renormalization group flow facilitates smooth interpolation between different physical regimes.
- This mechanism is conjectured to be relevant for understanding confinement in gauge theories.
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