Biomass-inspired fabrication of eco-friendly, durable flame retardant and ultraviolet resistant lyocell fabric

The pursuit of environmental friendliness, efficiency, and durability is paramount in the realm of flame retardant textile modification. Therefore, an innovative approach was designed to develop a gallic acid-derived intumescent flame retardant (GADPP), which contained reactive (-P(=O)(O^-NH₄⁺)₂) and (-P(=O)(OCH₂CH₃)₂) groups, facilitating functional modification of lyocell fabric. The GADPP modification effectively improved both flame retardancy and ultraviolet (UV) resistance of lyocell fabric. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy has substantiated the uniform distribution and covalent bond grafting of GADPP onto the fabric. Remarkably, even after 50 laundering cycles (LCs), the limiting oxygen index and UV protection factor values of lyocell fabric modified with 30 wt% GADPP remained at 29.8 % and 117.69, respectively. These results highlighted the synergistic effect of GADPP on enhancing the flame retardancy and UV resistance of lyocell fabric. Furthermore, this multi-functional modification strategy provides a sustainable path for the enduring enhancement of flame retardant and UV protective properties in lyocell fabrics.