Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Nuclear Export of mRNA02:31

Nuclear Export of mRNA

7.6K
Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
7.6K
Nuclear Export01:42

Nuclear Export

3.6K
The nucleus restricts several proteins within and allows others to pass. The restricted proteins possess a nuclear retention sequence or NRS, anchoring them to the nuclear lamins and preventing their transport to the cytosol. The non-restricted proteins, after their synthesis, are transported to their site of action, such as the cytosol or other organelles, with the help of nuclear export signals or NES.
NES are of three types- the canonical 10-residue long leucine-rich signal and other...
3.6K
Regulated mRNA Transport02:22

Regulated mRNA Transport

6.3K
In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing...
6.3K
Nuclear Protein Sorting01:34

Nuclear Protein Sorting

4.6K
Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...
4.6K
Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay02:27

Nonsense-mediated mRNA Decay

10.6K
The Upf proteins that carry out nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) are found in all eukaryotic organisms, including humans. Each protein has an individual role, but they need to work in collaboration. Upf1 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase that unwinds the RNA helix. Because Upf1 can unwind any RNA, Upf2 and Upf3 are required to help Upf1 discriminate between nonsense and normal mRNAs.
Usually, Upf3 binds to an Exon Junction Complex (EJC) at mRNA splice sites. If a ribosome fully translates the mRNA,...
10.6K
Directionality of Nuclear Transport01:42

Directionality of Nuclear Transport

3.2K
Ras-related nuclear protein or Ran is a small G protein that cycles between its GTP and GDP bound states. Ran specific regulators, a Ran GTPase Activating Protein or RanGAP present in the cytosol and a Ran guanine nucleotide exchange factor or RanGEF present inside the nucleus regulate GTP/GDP exchange. A high concentration of GTP inside the cells, in addition to this asymmetric distribution of  Ran-specific regulators, leads to a higher RanGTP concentration inside the nucleus. This...
3.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Complete genome sequence of Erythrobacter seohaensis SW-135<sup>T</sup> sheds light on the ecological role of the genus Erythrobacter for phosphorus cycle in the marine environment.

Marine genomics·2020
Same author

The micropeptide LEMP plays an evolutionarily conserved role in myogenesis.

Cell death & disease·2020
Same author

miR-548e Sponged by ZFAS1 Regulates Metastasis and Cisplatin Resistance of OC by Targeting CXCR4 and let-7a/BCL-XL/S Signaling Axis.

Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids·2020
Same author

Association of tiotropium use and the risk of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

European journal of clinical pharmacology·2020
Same author

<i>HuangqiGuizhiWuwu</i> Decoction Prevents Vascular Dysfunction in Diabetes via Inhibition of Endothelial Arginase 1.

Frontiers in physiology·2020
Same author

A metal-semiconductor nanocomposite as an efficient oxygen-independent photosensitizer for photodynamic tumor therapy.

Nanoscale horizons·2020
Same journal

TIM3 alleviates microglia-mediated neuroinflammation in neuropathic pain by negatively regulating glycolysis-driven NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica·2026
Same journal

Phillyrin protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by promoting KNL1 K605 acetylation to inhibit the p53/p21 pathway.

Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica·2026
Same journal

A bifunctional aptamer-siRNA chimera targeting ACE2 for the inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 S pseudovirus entry and replication.

Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica·2026
Same journal

Tryptophan-substituted antimicrobial peptide temporin-1CEb: <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> antibacterial activity against clinically isolated multidrug-resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumonia</i>.

Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica·2026
Same journal

Ribosomal protein L8 promotes melanoma progression by regulating the cell cycle and metastasis.

Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica·2026
Same journal

Bioinformatics classification of the MgtE Mg <sup>2</sup> <sup>+</sup> channel and <i>de novo</i> protein design for the stabilization of its novel subclass.

Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Analysis of mRNA Nuclear Export Kinetics in Mammalian Cells by Microinjection
11:32

Analysis of mRNA Nuclear Export Kinetics in Mammalian Cells by Microinjection

Published on: December 4, 2010

15.3K

Nuclear mRNA export.

Suli Chen1, Qingyi Jiang2, Jing Fan2,3

  • 1Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China.

Acta Biochimica Et Biophysica Sinica
|September 7, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) export from the nucleus is a key gene expression step in eukaryotes. This process is tightly coupled with mRNA processing and competes with degradation, ensuring accurate gene function in complex organisms.

Keywords:
gene expressionmRNA exportmRNA processingorchestrate regulation

More Related Videos

Method for the Isolation and Identification of mRNAs, microRNAs and Protein Components of Ribonucleoprotein Complexes from Cell Extracts using RIP-Chip
13:34

Method for the Isolation and Identification of mRNAs, microRNAs and Protein Components of Ribonucleoprotein Complexes from Cell Extracts using RIP-Chip

Published on: September 29, 2012

27.5K
Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Localized mRNAs in Mammalian Cells
10:24

Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Localized mRNAs in Mammalian Cells

Published on: December 17, 2012

14.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Analysis of mRNA Nuclear Export Kinetics in Mammalian Cells by Microinjection
11:32

Analysis of mRNA Nuclear Export Kinetics in Mammalian Cells by Microinjection

Published on: December 4, 2010

15.3K
Method for the Isolation and Identification of mRNAs, microRNAs and Protein Components of Ribonucleoprotein Complexes from Cell Extracts using RIP-Chip
13:34

Method for the Isolation and Identification of mRNAs, microRNAs and Protein Components of Ribonucleoprotein Complexes from Cell Extracts using RIP-Chip

Published on: September 29, 2012

27.5K
Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Localized mRNAs in Mammalian Cells
10:24

Visualization of Endoplasmic Reticulum Localized mRNAs in Mammalian Cells

Published on: December 17, 2012

14.3K

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Gene expression in eukaryotic cells involves transcription in the nucleus and subsequent messenger RNA (mRNA) maturation.
  • mRNA export through the nuclear pore complex (NPC) is a critical regulatory checkpoint.
  • This export is closely coordinated with precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) processing and RNA degradation pathways.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on mRNA export in higher eukaryotic cells.
  • To highlight the role of mRNA export in the broader context of gene expression regulation.
  • To explore the interactions between mRNA export and other gene expression processes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of current research on mRNA export mechanisms.
  • Analysis of the interplay between mRNA export, processing, and degradation.
  • Comparison of mRNA export in yeast versus higher eukaryotes.

Main Results:

  • mRNA export factors influence upstream pre-mRNA processing steps.
  • The export process dynamically competes with RNA processing and degradation.
  • Significant differences in mRNA export mechanisms exist between yeast and higher eukaryotes.

Conclusions:

  • mRNA export is a highly regulated process crucial for accurate gene expression in complex organisms.
  • The coordination between mRNA export and processing ensures the fidelity of gene expression.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is vital for comprehending gene functionality in higher eukaryotes.